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建议:
1. 要明确诊断“原发性硬化性胆管炎”是否成立;
2. 排除外科因素导致的梗阻性黄疸(比如结石、肿瘤、异物[包括寄生虫]等);
3. 低血钾应尽快纠正。
4. 利尿治疗,同意411老师。
是否存在肾功能损害,请肾内科会诊,查24小时尿肌酐清除率、beta2微球蛋白等。
一般情况下,长期的中重度高胆红素血症患者都合并有细胞内低钾和一定程度的肾功能异常。
此外,对于PSC,熊脱氧胆酸(UDCA,优思弗)是必不可少,UDCA的剂量,标准用法是20mg/kg体重。
也有尝试30mg/kg体重的用法,见下面文献。
J Hepatol. 2008 May;48(5):792-800.
High dose ursodeoxycholic acid for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis is safe and effective.
Cullen SN, Rust C, Fleming K, Edwards C, Beuers U, Chapman RW.
Gastroenterology Department, Wycombe General Hospital, High Wycombe, UK. [email protected]
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been shown to improve serum liver tests in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), but controlled trials have shown inconsistent effects on liver histology, and did not reveal a survival benefit. This pilot, randomised dose-ranging trial attempted to determine whether further enrichment of the bile acid pool with UDCA would lead to an improvement in outcome for PSC patients. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with PSC were randomised to treatment with either 10 mg/kg (low dose), 20 mg/kg (standard dose) or 30 mg/kg (high dose) daily of UDCA for 2 years. Patients were assessed every 12 weeks and underwent liver biopsy at the beginning and end of the trial. RESULTS: Serum liver tests improved in all groups taking UDCA. Survival probability at 1-4 years as evaluated by the Mayo risk score tended to improve for all patients and significantly improved for the high dose group (p<0.02). Only 3 (10%) of all patients had a Ludwig score showing histological deterioration over the trial period. CONCLUSIONS: High dose UDCA is well-tolerated and is associated with an improvement in survival probability. A trend towards stability/improvement in histological stage was also observed. This treatment appears to be effective for PSC and deserves further evaluation.
Publication Types:
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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