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六月肝病摘要
Treatment of chronic viral hepatitis with nitazoxanide and second generation thiazolides.
Nitazoxanide, the first thiazolide, was originally developed for the treatment of Cryptosporidium parvum. More recently, antiviral activity of nitazoxanide against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus was recognized in in vitro systems. These basic studies led to phase II clinical trials that demonstrated the safety and efficacy of nitazoxanide in combination with peginterferon, with or without ribavirin, in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. The sustained virologic response rate was 79% and 80% in two studies, which was higher than the response rate of 50% with the standard of care with peginterferon plus ribavirin. In very preliminary studies of patients with chronic hepatitis B, nitazoxanide suppressed serum HBV DNA and led to loss of hepatitis B e antigen in the majority of patients and hepatitis B surface antigen in approximately a quarter of patients. Randomized controlled studies of naive and nonresponder patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 are underway, new second generation and controlled release thiazolides are being developed, and future studies of patients with chronic hepatitis B are planned.
硝唑尼特及第二代thiazolides类药物治疗慢性病毒性肝炎
硝唑尼特是第一代thiazolides类药物,原本是用于治疗隐孢子虫感染的药物。最近硝唑尼特对于乙肝病毒及丙肝病毒的抗病毒活性在体外试验中得到证实。这些基础研究使得硝唑尼特联合长效干扰素和/或利巴韦林治疗基因4型的慢丙肝患者的安全性和有效性的II期临床试验得以开展。在两项试验中,持续的病毒学应答率为79%和80%,相比标准治疗方案,即长效干扰素联合利巴韦林的应答率50%更高。慢乙肝患者的初步试验显示,硝唑尼特可抑制血清HBVDNA,可使大部分患者的e抗原转阴,接近1/4的患者表面抗原转阴。对于初治或无应答的基因1型的慢丙肝患者的随机对照试验正在进行中,新的第二代以及控释的thiazolides类药物正在研制中,正在计划对慢乙肝患者进行进一步的临床试验。
——肝炎科 诸思赟 摘译自
Keeffe EB, Rossignol JF. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Apr 21;15(15):1805-8. |
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