未来治疗乙型肝炎病毒：免疫调节剂的作用

StephenW

Curr Hepatol Rep. 2016;15(4):237-244. Epub  2016 Nov 10.
Future Therapy for Hepatitis B Virus: Role of Immunomodulators.Pham EA1, Perumpail RB2, Fram BJ2, Glenn JS3, Ahmed A2, Gish RG4.
Author information

• 1Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA.
• 2Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA.
• 3Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA USA.
• 4Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ; Hepatitis B Foundation, Doylestown, PA USA.
  

AbstractAlthough currently available therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus infection can suppress viremia and provide long-term benefits for patients, they do not lead to a functional cure for most patients. Advances in our understanding of the virus-host interaction and the recent remarkable success of immunotherapy in cancer offer new and promising strategies for developing immune modulators that may become important components of a total therapeutic approach to hepatitis B, some of which are now in clinical development. Among the immunomodulatory agents currently being investigated to combat chronic HBV are toll-like receptor agonists, immune checkpoint inhibitors, therapeutic vaccines, and engineered T cells. The efficacy of some immune modulatory therapies is compromised by high viral antigen levels. Cutting edge strategies, including RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9, are now being studied that may ultimately be shown to have the capacity to lower viral antigen levels sufficiently to substantially increase the efficacy of these agents. The current advances in therapies for chronic hepatitis B are leading us toward the possibility of a functional cure.


KEYWORDS: CRISPR/Cas9; Checkpoint inhibitors; Engineered T cells; Hepatitis B; Immune modulators; RNA interference; Therapeutic vaccines; Toll-like receptor agonists

StephenW

Curr Hepatol Rep。2016; 15（4）：237-244。 2016年11月10日。
未来治疗乙型肝炎病毒：免疫调节剂的作用。
Pham EA1，Perumpail RB2，Fram BJ2，Glenn JS3，Ahmed A2，Gish RG4。
作者信息

1，斯坦福大学医学院胃肠病学与肝脏病学系，美国加利福尼亚州斯坦福分校; Department of Microbiology and Immunology，Stanford University School of Medicine，Stanford，CA USA。
2，美国斯坦福大学医学院胃肠病学与肝脏病学系。
微生物学和免疫学系，斯坦福大学医学院，斯坦福，美国;退伍军人管理医疗中心，帕洛阿尔托，美国。
4，美国斯坦福大学医学院胃肠病学和肝病学系，乙型肝炎基金会，Doylestown，PA美国。

抽象

虽然目前可用的慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的治疗可以抑制病毒血症并为患者提供长期益处，但它们不能导致大多数患者的功能性治愈。我们对病毒 - 宿主相互作用的理解的进展以及免疫治疗在癌症中的最近显着成功提供了用于开发免疫调节剂的新的和有希望的策略，其可能成为乙型肝炎的总治疗方法的重要组成部分，其中一些已经在临床开发中。目前正研究对抗慢性HBV的免疫调节剂是toll样这些激动剂，免疫检查点抑制剂，治疗性疫苗和工程改造的T细胞。一些免疫调节治疗的功效受到高病毒抗原水平的影响。切缘策略，包括RNA干扰和CRISPR / Cas9，现在正在考虑，可能最终是慢性乙型肝炎的治疗的当前进展正在导致我们的功能治愈的可能性。
关键词：

关键词：CRISPR / Cas9;工程化T细胞;乙型肝炎;免疫调节剂; RNA干扰;治疗性疫苗; Toll样受体激动剂