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本帖最后由 StephenW 于 2011-12-19 05:07 编辑
回复 MP4 的帖子
其实,我觉得Lok教授是小心 - 那些超过40岁,仍处于免疫耐受阶段怎么样?
"40"岁基于来自台湾的研究.
"一些病人可以延迟治疗,但这些病人应继续监测,一旦进行病毒复制期或肝病发作应立刻接受治疗。
免疫耐受期
E抗原阳性的年轻(40岁以下)病人正处于免疫耐受期,可以延迟治疗。这些病人肝活检通常没有肝纤维化或肝纤维化程度很小且后续10年的跟踪表明预后良好。[3]另外一个延迟治疗的原因是这些治疗引起e抗原转换的可能性很小。另一个原因是随时间推移,这些病人e抗原会自然转换。这些病人应持续监测,以确保如果e抗原没有自然转阴可以及时开始治疗。"
[3] Chu, C. M., Hung., S. J., Lin, J., Tai,D. I. & Liaw, Y. F. Natural history of hepatitis B e antigen to antibodyseroconversion in patients with normal serum aminotransferase levels. Am. J.Med. 116, 829–834 (2004).
Age of Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconversion The prevalence of serum HBeAg in HBsAg carriers correlates significantly with the age. In Taiwan,about 90% of HBsAg carriers of age 0-15 years are HBeAg positive.[19] The prevalence of HBeAg then decreases progressively with increasing ages, and is less than 10% after 40 years of age,[20] as shown in Figure 1.These observations indicate that spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion occurs before40 years of age in more than 90% of HBsAg carriers. Studies have shown that the average rate of spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion during the immune clearance phase is 10% per year.[21,22] On the contrary, a longitudinal study involving 240 HBeAg-positive adult patients with normal baseline ALT showed that the mean age of HBeAg seroconversion was 31.3 ± 7.0 (standard deviation)years. Figure 2 shows the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles of age of HBeAg seroconversion. Spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion occurs before 26 yearsof age in 25% but after 40 years of age in only 10% of HBsAg carriers.[10]Both these cross-sectional and longitudinal studies suggest that HBeAg seroconversion usually occurs before 40 years of age in chronic HBV infection acquired perinatally or during early childhood. It seems appropriate to define 'delayed' HBeAg seroconversion as persistent HBeAg seropositivity over 40 years of age.
乙型肝炎e抗原血清转换的年龄
HBsAg携带者血清HBeAg的患病率随着年龄的相关性显著。在台湾,约90%的乙肝表面抗原携带者年龄0-15岁,e抗原阳性。[19] HBeAg的患病率随着年龄递减,并小于10%后,40岁,[20]所示在图1。这些观察表明,超过90%的HBsAg携带者自发HBeAg血清转换发生在40岁之前。有研究表明,在免疫清除期的平均自发HBeAg血清转换率以每年10%[21,22]相反,涉及240基线ALT正常的HBeAg阳性的成年患者的一项纵向研究表明,平均年龄HBeAg血清学转换是31.3±7.0(标准差)岁。图2显示了HBeAg血清转换的年龄10th,25th,第50,第75和第90th percentiles of age。 25%在26岁之前,但只有10%的HBsAg携带者在40岁后发生自发性HBeAg血清转换。[10]这两个横截面和纵向研究表明,HBeAg血清转换通常在40岁之前发生在慢性HBV感染围产期或收购,在儿童早期。它似乎是恰当的定义为40岁以上的“晚”的HBeAg血清转换持久HBeAg的血清学阳性。 |
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