Increased Regulatory T Cell Counts in HIV-Infected Nonresponders

liver411

J Infect Dis. 2010 Jun 18. [Epub ahead of print]

Increased Regulatory T Cell Counts in HIV-Infected Nonresponders to Hepatitis
B Virus Vaccine.

Del Pozo Balado MD, Leal M, Méndez Lagares G, Mata RC, López-Cortés LF,
Viciana P, Pacheco YM.

Immunovirology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Service, Clinical Biochemistry
Service, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS) and 2Infectious Diseases
Service, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain.

Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection is a main cause of liver-related mortality
in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects. Unfortunately,
HIV-infected subjects show a low rate of response to standard HBV vaccination
(23%-56%), in contrast to rates>90% found in the general population, and the
underlying causes (particularly cellular and molecular causes) are still
unknown. We hypothesized that an increased frequency of regulatory T (T(reg))
cells could be involved in the low rate of seroconversion in HIV-infected
subjects. Forty HIV-infected subjects were enrolled in the Assistance
Vaccination Program against HBV of the Infectious Diseases Service from the
Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain. Freshly isolated
peripheral blood mononuclear cells from baseline were immunophenotyped for
T(reg) cells, CD4, and CD8 T cells in both naive and memory subpopulations and
activation degree, as well as recent thymic emigrants. Baseline T(reg) cell
frequency was found independently associated with the final nonresponse to HBV
vaccine in HIV-infected subjects. Furthermore, a negative correlation between
baseline frequency of T(reg) cells and antibody titers in the final response
was found. These findings suggest an active role played by T(reg) cells on the
immunization antigen-specific T and/or B cell responses with the final
consequence of a B cell anti-HBs lower production.

PMID: 20560766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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