环球时报英文版对乙肝问题及益仁平的深度报道

浪客摩崖

Hepatitis B carriers challenge discrimination
http://special.globaltimes.cn/2009-09/471637.html
The efforts of a young migrant worker from Fujian Province to become a cook in Beijing ended up creating a spectacle that involved reporters, disease control authorities and the police.
Mr Liao, who declined to give his full name, has the hepatitis B virus. He was applying for a health certificate at the Beijing Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention when reporters followed him on September 10. The certificate is required for all food catering workers.
There was hope for him to get it as a college student in Hangzhou became the first hepatitis B virus carrier in China to be issued the certificate on September 1. The new Law of Food Safety, which came into force on June 1, allowed hepatitis B virus carriers to enter catering.
But when reporters photographed his application process, the Beijing Centers staff became upset and finally called the police. Liao's application was put off.
"Beijing is Beijing. You cannot compare it to other cities," Liao quoted the Beijing Centers staff as saying. He was told this after asking why hepatitis B carriers could obtain the certificate in Hangzhou but not Beijing, he said.
Liao was not frustrated. He plans to visit the Centers again after a few weeks. "I have hundreds of thousands of people standing behind me," he said.
He is a core member of an online community for hepatitis B carriers. The website hbvhbv. com has accrued 370,000 members since it was launched in November 2007. Community members encouraged Liao to apply and showed him favorable laws and regulations. One of them accompanied him to the Beijing Centers.
A non-governmental organization (NGO) provided him with legal support. Beijing Yirenping Center counsels more than 100 people who come from around China every month and helps about 10 percent of them go to the court.
It was built with donations from hepatitis B carriers and foundations in December 2006.
Like Liao, hepatitis B virus carriers are no longer fighting alone for their rights. Many know each other on the Internet. They have clubs in a dozen major cities and have set up several non-governmental organizations in defense of their rights.
They believe that they have been discriminated against in the process of finding a school or looking for jobs. In spite of government regulations in their support, some of the best universities and institutions have closed their doors to hepatitis B virus carriers, and many Chinese and multinational companies prefer non-carrier candidates.
Hepatitis B carriers might be the largest marginalized group in China. China had 100 million chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus, according to a World Health Organization 2002 report, with the United States having 1 million and the world an estimated 350 million. China's Ministry of Health said in 2006 that the country had 93 million hepatitis B virus carriers.
Stepping into the light
In spite of their large numbers, it is only in recent years that these marginalized people have made their voice heard. Before, they were either silent or neglected.
"Even now many hepatitis B virus carriers prefer to remain silent. They are afraid that they will lose their jobs and have difficulty in finding other jobs when people know that they carry the virus," said Yu Fangqiang, who is in charge of legal aid projects at the non-governmental Yirenping Center.
Zhang Xianzhu, a 23-year-old college graduate, became the first Chinese to launch a lawsuit on hepatitis B virus discrimination when he took the local government of Wuhu, Anhui Province to court in November 2003. He won the case, but "became so famous that he could not find or maintain a job," Yu said.
"He is still shifting from one job to another in southern China. He has to leave as soon as people know that he is the one who sued for hepatitis B virus discrimination."
A greater hero for many hepatitis B virus carriers is an executed murderer. Zhou Yichao, a graduate of Zhejiang University, stabbed to death a government official in the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, northern Zhejiang Province, in March 2004. A month earlier, he had been denied the chance of working at the local government because he carried the virus.
"The greater majority of hepatitis B carriers whom I know have respect and even gratitude for him. They organize events to remember him on the annual tomb sweeping day. They visit his mother regularly," Yu said.
"If not for him, discrimination against hepatitis B carriers would have been taken for granted as before. We think that he was going to extremes. But we understand how he felt."
Months after Zhou's case, the central government issued a regulation in January 2005 stipulating that hepatitis B carriers can become public servants.
Hepatitis B carriers are allowed to work in jobs other than those prohibited by the Ministry of Health – such as at hospitals and laboratories – according to another regulation published in May 2007. The regulation also said that the privacy of hepatitis B virus carriers should be protected.
They can launch lawsuits if a potential employer discriminates against them, according to the Employment Promotion Law, which came into force on January 1, 2008.
Although they have the protection of laws and regulations, hepatitis B virus carriers still have the feeling that the virus harms their career.
"Many excellent people cannot get into good companies because they carry the virus. They can only stay at small companies and small places," said Dong, a hepatitis B carrier who accompanied Liao to the Beijing Centers.
Dong, who would not give his full name, said he could not join a major aviation company when he graduated from college in 2007. He is pursuing a master's degree at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and will finish his graduate studies next year.
"My only good choice was to be a public servant because the government has excluded the hepatitis B virus from pre-employment physical checkups. The companies that may use my skills almost all require information about the virus," he said.
Legal battles
To get around the requirement about hepatitis B virus information, many carriers resort to cheating in the physical checkup, said Yu at the Yirenping Center. In a typical case, a carrier will pay a healthy person about 2,000 yuan, and have the latter's blood drawn under his name.
Others seek out the law. "Hepatitis B carriers know that the law is on their side, thanks to the publicity of previous cases," Yu said. Of those who turned to his organization for help, more than 100 went to court every year.
Multinational companies are more cooperative facing accusations of discrimination, according to Yu. "After all, they don't have this discrimination in their home country," he said.
More than 80 percent of the 96 multinational companies that his center surveyed in 2008 requested the hepatitis B virus information of potential employees, Yu said.
Of the approximate 100 hepatitis B virus carriers who went to court with the NGO's help, more than half reached an agreement with their employers or potential employers in the process of the lawsuit.
"Large companies don't like the publicity that comes with a discrimination case," Yu said.
About 90 percent of court decisions favor hepatitis B carriers when Yirenping is involved. However, compensation is nominal: about 4,000 yuan in Beijing and half that in smaller cities.
"It's not enough to have the law," Yu said. "We need to tell people that the virus is not as terrifying as they imagine. Otherwise discrimination will always be there."
Street hugs
To explain the virus, hepatitis B carriers in a dozen cities have organized regular lectures. Dong said that he and his friends in the online community invited doctors and medical professors to give public lectures at least once a month at Beijing universities.
"Those who come to listen are often relatives and friends of hepatitis B carriers," he said.
Some hepatitis B carriers have taken more radical action to share their problems. Lei Chuang, a student of Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, held a banner and walked along the city's major streets for three hours on a Sunday in August 2007.
His banner said: "The hepatitis B virus is transmitted through sex, blood and during the delivery of babies. It does not transmit through food or water, or at workplaces. I am a hepatitis B virus carrier. Are you worried?"
He wanted to attract local media attention, and had one of his classmates call newspapers and television stations. But no reporters came until the end of his walk.
Even his classmate who accompanied him in the walk quitted halfway as he could not bear the way passers-by stared at them.
In the next two years, he walked another 10 times in Hangzhou and also Beijing. This August he and his friends dressed up as cartoon figures and stood at the gate of Peking University, accusing the institution of discriminating against hepatitis B carriers.
His efforts paid off. He became the first in China to receive a health certificate from the authorities on September 1, although he applied only to "test the enforcement of the law," he said.
"It is time for hepatitis B virus carriers to act as a group. We have to do something to change our fate," said the 22-year-old.
(NIDDK)

浪客摩崖

ABCs of hepatitis
Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver. Inflammation is the painful, red swelling that results when tissues of the body become injured or infected. Inflammation can cause organs to not work properly.
It can have many causes including the viruses A, B and C. Hepatitis A causes an acute hepatitis that almost always gets better on its own. It is easily spread from person to person, in food and water, and can infect many people at once. Hepatitis C is almost always chronic and spreads only by blood. Hepatitis B can be both a short-term illness and a chronic, ongoing illness, and is spread through blood or other body fluids in various ways. Both hepatitis A and B can be prevented by vaccination, but not Hepatitis C.
Hepatitis B is diagnosed through blood tests, which can also show if you have chronic hepatitis B or another type of hepatitis.
Anyone can get hepatitis B, but some people are at higher risk, including:
people who were born to a mother with hepatitis B
people who live with someone who has hepatitis B
people who have lived in parts of the world where hepatitis B is common
people who are exposed to blood or body fluids at work
people on hemodialysis
people who have had more than one sex partner in the last 6 months or have a history of sexually transmitted disease
injection drug users
men who have sex with men
You can get hepatitis B through contact with an infected persons blood, semen, or other body fluid.
You cannot get hepatitis B from
shaking hands with an infected person
hugging an infected person
sitting next to an infected person
Source: US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

午文工坊

能翻译过来么？看着实在是太费劲了！

1235813

乙肝病毒携带者的歧视挑战
http://special.globaltimes.cn/2009-09/471637.html
一个年轻的来自福建的移民工人的努力，成为北京的厨师最终建立一个场面，涉及记者，疾病控制部门和警察。
廖晖，谁拒绝透露他的全名，有乙肝病毒。他在申请美国疾病控制与预防中心的卫生证明书北京记者随后在9月10日他。该证书是必需的所有食品饮食业工人。
人们希望，才可以作为杭州大学生也成为中国第一个乙肝病毒携带者，将在九月一日发出的证书。在食品安全，其中生效的新规定6月1日，让乙肝病毒携带者进入饮食业。
但是，当记者拍摄其申请的过程中，北京中心工作人员的不满，最终成为了警。廖的申请被推迟。
“北京是北京。你不能把它与其他城市，”廖说，这一北京市中心的工作人员。他被告知后问为什么乙肝病毒携带者可以取得证书，在杭州而不是北京，他说。
廖并没有沮丧。他计划访问几个星期后，该中心再次。 “我已经站在我的背后有几十万人，”他说。
他是一个乙肝病毒携带者的在线社区的核心成员。网站hbvhbv。 Com已经累计370000自2007年11月推出的成员。鼓励社区成员廖提出申请，表明他有利的法律和法规。其中一人陪同他到北京的中心。
一个非政府组织（NGO）提供了法律支持他。北京Yirenping中心律师100余人谁来自中国各地，并帮助每月百分之十左右，他们到法院。
它建与乙肝病毒携带者和基金会捐赠2006年12月。
廖一样，乙肝病毒携带者不再争取自己的权利单独。许多人知道每个互联网上的其他。他们在12个主要城市的俱乐部，并建立了几个非他们的权利辩护政府组织。
他们认为，他们已对在寻找学校或寻找工作的过程歧视。在政府法规尽管在他们的支持，最好的大学和一些机构也关闭了大门，乙肝病毒携带者，许多中国公司和跨国公司更喜欢非运营商的候选人。
乙肝病毒携带者可能是中国最大的边缘群体。中国有100万乙肝病毒慢性携带者，根据世界卫生组织2002年的报告与美国，有100万，全世界估计有3.5亿。中国卫生部表示，在2006年，该国已93000000乙肝病毒携带者。
走进位于光
在他们的大量尽管这是近几年才，这些边缘化的人民作出了他们的声音。在此之前，他们要么沉默或忽视。
“即使是现在许多乙肝病毒携带者宁愿保持沉默。他们担心他们会失去工作，并在寻找其他就业困难当人们知道自己携带病毒，说：”于方强，谁在负责法律援助项目的非政府Yirenping中心。
张咸，一名23岁的大学毕业生，成为首位华人推出乙型肝炎病毒的歧视诉讼时，他参加了2003年11月在安徽省芜湖市当地政府告上法庭。他胜诉，但“变得如此著名，他无法找到或维持的工作，”于说。
“他还正在从一个工作到另一个南部中国。他必须尽快离开人知道，他是一个谁乙型肝炎病毒歧视而遭到起诉。”
阿很多乙肝病毒携带者是一个更大的英雄执行凶手。周一炒，浙江大学的毕业生，刺死2004年3月，在州政府官员级别嘉兴市，浙江省北部，。一个月前，他被剥夺了在当地政府的工作，因为他携带病毒的机会。
他说：“乙肝病毒携带者我认识的大部分人甚至抱有尊敬和感谢他。他们组织活动，记得每年的坟墓他时节。他们定期探望他的母亲，”于说。
“如果不是他，对乙肝病毒携带者的歧视会被批准为前。我们认为他是走极端。但我们知道他感觉如何。”
在周案的三个月内，中央财政共发行了2005年1月条例规定，乙肝病毒携带者可以成为公务员。
乙肝病毒携带者被允许从事的工作不是由卫生部明令禁止以外，如在医院和实验室- -根据2007年5月出版的监管。该条例还指出，乙肝病毒携带者隐私应当得到保护。
他们可以启动诉讼如果一个潜在的雇主对他们的歧视，根据就业促进法，生效2008年1月1日。
虽然他们的法律和法规的保护，乙肝病毒携带者仍然觉得，该病毒危害自己的职业。
“很多优秀的人无法进入好公司，因为他们是带病毒。他们只能留在小企业和小地方，说：”董，一B型肝炎带谁陪同廖向北京中心。
董，谁不给他的全名，说，他不能加入一个重要的航空企业时，他从2007年大学毕业。他是追求一种总体的北京航空航天大学学士学位，并完成他的研究生明年。
“我唯一可行的选择将是一个公仆，因为政府已经排除了乙肝病毒就业前体检。该公司也有可能使用自己的技能几乎都需要有关病毒的资料，”他说。
法律纠纷
为了解决有关乙肝病毒资料的要求，许多运营商在度假体检作弊，说于在Yirenping中心。在典型的情况下，承运人将支付约2000元，一个健康的人，并拥有后者的血液在他被抽中。
其他人寻求法律。 “乙型肝炎带菌者知道，法律与他们站在一起，对以往案件的宣传下，”于说。那些谁求助于他的组织，100多名到法院每年。
跨国公司是更多的合作面临着歧视的指控，根据余。 “毕竟，他们没有这样在本国的歧视，”他说。
百分之八十以上，他的这一中心，在2008年调查的96个跨国公司要求乙肝病毒的潜在雇员的信息，于说。
在约100乙肝病毒携带者谁去与非政府组织的帮助下，一半以上已经与他们的雇主或在诉讼过程中潜在的雇主达成协议，法庭。
不喜欢与宣传的歧视诉讼来“的大公司，”于说。
百分之九十左右的法院判决有利于乙肝病毒携带者时Yirenping参与。但是，赔偿的名义：约4000元，一半在北京，在小城市。
“这是不够的法律，”于说。 “我们需要告诉人们，该病毒并不可怕，因为他们想像。否则歧视总是存在的。”
街拥抱
为了解释在十几个城市的病毒，乙肝病毒携带者有定期举办讲座。董说，他和他的朋友在网上社区邀请医生和医学教授讲座，让公众至少一次在北京的大学一个月。
“谁来听往往亲属和乙肝病毒携带者的朋友，”他说。
一些乙肝病毒携带者采取更激进的行动来分担他们的问题。雷初昂，是杭州的浙江大学的学生举行了旗帜，走了三个小时，在星期日沿城市主要街道2007年8月。
他的横幅说：“乙肝病毒是通过性行为，血液和期间接生婴儿传播。它不会通过食物或水，或传输的工作场所。我是乙肝病毒携带者。您担心吗？”
他希望能吸引当地媒体的注意，并在他的同学一次通话的报纸和电视台。但是，没有记者来到直到他走结束。
甚至他的同学谁陪同步行辞去中途因为忍受不了他途的方式，由盯着他们。
在未来两年，他又走在杭州的10倍，也是北京的。今年8月，他和他的朋友把自己打扮成卡通人物和在北大门站，指责对乙肝病毒携带者歧视的机构。
他的努力得到了回报。他成为了中国第一个获得9月1日是当局的卫生证明书，但他只适用于“测试执法，”他说。
“现在是乙肝病毒携带者的时间作为一个群体。我们必须做一些事来改变我们的命运，”这位22岁。

特深沉

当局是又当婊子又立牌坊啊

614

很不错，只知道一点点，要全面看懂，还依靠翻译．
谈到了健康证，食品安全法，雷闯等．

风雨不动

"Beijing is Beijing. You cannot compare it to other cities,"
英语写出来真逗

亭亭如盖矣

我惊讶的发现：我居然勉强能看得懂英文