[转帖]货代英语

太湖之梦

Scope of Freight Forwarding Services[br][br]Originally, a freight forwarder (货运代理人) was a commission agent (委托代理人) performing on behalf of (代表…) the exporter/importer routine tasks such [br]as loading/unloading of goods, storage of goods, arranging local transport, [br]obtaining payment for his customer, etc…[br]However, the expansion of international trade and the development of [br]different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of [br]his services. Today, a freight forwarder plays an important role in [br]international trade and transport. The services that a freight forwarder renders [br]may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or [br]customs clearance (清关) to a comprehensive package of services covering the [br]total transportation and distribution process.

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-12 21:27:42编辑过]

太湖之梦

Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, these services are:[br][br][br](1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)[br](2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)[br](3) the customs formalities (海关手续)[br][br]

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-12 21:31:27编辑过]

太湖之梦

The forwarders, on behalf of the consignor ( exporter ), would:
Choose the route, mode of transport and a suitable carrier.
Book space with the selected carrier.
Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the Forwarders’
Certificate of Receipt (货运代理收货证书), the Forwarders’ Certificate of
Transport (货运代理运输证书), etc.
Study the provisions of the letter of credit (信用证) and all Government
regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export,
the country of import, as well as any transit country; he would also prepare
all the necessary documents.
Pack the goods, taking into account the route, the mode of transport, the
nature of the goods and applicable regulations, if any, in the country of
export, transit countries and country of destination.
Arrange warehousing of the goods, if necessary.
Weigh and measure the goods.
Draw the consignor’s attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the
insurance of goods, if required by the consignor.
Transport the goods to the port, arrange for customs clearance, related
documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.
Attend to foreign exchange transactions (外汇交易), if any.
Pay fees and other charges including freight.
Obtain the signed bills of lading (提单) from the carrier and
arrange delivery to the consignor.
Arrange for transshipment (转载,转运) en route if necessary.
Monitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts
with the carrier and the forwarders’ agents abroad.
Note damages or losses, if any, to the goods.
Assist the consignor in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier for loss of
the goods or for damage to them.

太湖之梦

[br]Choose the route, mode of transport and a suitable carrier. 句子中的:[br][br]carrier(承运人) 来自动词 carry(运送,携带). 它的名词是 carriage(运输,运输费). [br]关于这个 carriage 还可以解释运输费的情况, 还想再言几句:[br]carriage 运输费:[br]例如: carriage paid to ... (CPT, 运费付至…)[br]carriage and Insurance Paid To ... (CIP, 运费、保险费付至…)[br]carriage free (运费免付)[br]carriage paid (运费已付)[br]carriage forward (运费到付)[br]freight 运输费(租用船只或飞机的费用, 尤其指水路运费:[br]例如: freight prepaid (运费已付)[br]freight collect (运费到付)[br]

句子: [br]Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the [br]Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport, [br]etc.句中:[br][br]12.1 比较说明下列句词:[br](1) take delivery of the goods and ... (即上句) [br](2) ... and deliver the goods to the carrier.

deliver (及物动词 vt.):[br]原意是"递送, 交付(信件、包裹、货物等)至收件处、收件人或购货人等".[br]上句(2)的意思当然就解释为"货交承运人"了.我们也就不难理解贸易术语[br]中的D组术语:[br]delivered duty unpaid (DDU, 未完税交货)[br]delivered duty paid (DDP, 完税后交货) 的意思了[br][br]delivery (名词 n.)[br]例如: delivery note (交货单) [br]delivery receipt (送货单)[br]delivery order (提货单, 它的缩写是 D/O)[br][br]take delivery of = receive (词组 phr. 解释"收到,接收") [br]值得注意的是: deliver(y) 和 take delivery of 意思正好向左.[br][br] (1) Study the provisions of the letter of credit and ... [br](provision = regulation, 稍侧重于 clause)[br](2) ... and all Government regulations ... [br](regulation = provision,稍侧重于 rule)[br][br]be applicable t[br]be applicable to = be able to have an effect on sth. (适用于...)[br][br] transit:[br]transit 原意是"通过、运送、搬运"等意思.贸易上的解释见下例:[br]transit trade = entrepot trade 转口贸易,过境贸易[br]transit country 过境国,中转国.[br]transit operations 运输过程[br]goods delayed in transit: 运输中延误的货物(注意介词的搭配)[br][br] 句子: Arrange warehousing of the goods, if necessary.句中:[br]例如: bonded warehouse 保税仓库[br]warehousing = storage "仓库储存","仓储费"[br]例如: warehousing and storage activities 仓储作业[br][br]16. 句子: [br]Draw the consignor’s attention to the need for insurance and arrange for [br]the insurance of goods, if required by the consignor.句中:[br]draw sb’s attention t 引起某人的注意, 相当于提醒[br]货物代理人要提醒发货人注意是否需要货物保险(意译)的这半句有:[br]A freight forwarder reminds the consignor to attend to the need for [br]insurance ...[br][br]17. 句子: [br]Transport the goods to the port, arrange for customs clearance, related [br]documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.句中:[br][br]句子: Pay fees and other charges including freight.句中:[br](1) fee (手续费): [br]含义中有"为获得做某事的许可或为得到某种认可而支付的费用"[br]例如: registration fee (注册费、登记费)[br]membership fee (会费)[br](2) charge ("因服务而索取的"费用,与 free of charge 相对)[br]含义中有"购买某种服务时按规定价目所支付的费用"[br]例如: collection charge (托收费)[br]delivery charge (递送费)[br]additional charge = surcharge (附加费) [br]fumigation charge (熏蒸费)[br]charges prepaid / charges forward (费用预付/费用到付)[br](3) expense (花费,耗费,开销)[br]含义中有"当被认为有大量花费时",这个词不仅仅用在金钱上,还[br]用在时间或精力的花费上:[br]例如: medical expense (医药费)[br]living expense (生活费)[br]注意: 会计领域中使用这个词时,通常情况下以复数形式出现的机会[br]较多.注意是通常情况:[br]例如: operating expenses (营业费用,经营费用)[br]travelling expenses (差旅费)[br]selling expense (销售费用,没有"s")[br]income taxes expense (所得税费用,没有"s")[br](4) -age (费,资)[br]-age 是表示抽象名词的后缀.没有"费、资"的说法,但是下列这些词有[br]"费、资"的解释:[br]例如: postage (邮资) carriage (运费) storage (仓库费)

句子: Arrange for transshipment en route if necessary.句中:[br]transshipment:[br](1) 前缀 "trans-" = to a changed state (转变、转移、转换) [br]例如: transport, transplant (移植)[br](2) transhipment 的拼法是否正确呢? 严格地来说,并不正规.[br]例如: transshipment additional (转船附加费)[br]transshipment charge (转船费用)[br]port of transshipment (中转港)[br]19.2 en route:[br]en route = on the way (在途中)[br]这是一个单词,外来语,并非是两个单词或词组, 后通常接"for、to、from"[br]例如: These containers were en route from shanghai to Los angeles.[br][br]句子: [br]Monitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts [br]with the carrier and the forwarders’ agents abroad.我们这样看就简单多了:[br][br]Monitor the movement of goods through contacts with the carrier.[br]句子的其他部分再一点一点添加上去,句意就完整了.[br][br]21. 我们把两句句子连在一起看: [br](1) Note damages or losses, if any, to the goods.[br](2) Assist the consignor in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier [br]for loss of the goods or for damage to them.[br]

damage:[br]damage = harm or injury that causes loss of value (有"失去价值"的含义)[br]例如: damage by fire (火损)[br]damage by water (水损)[br]damage certificate (残损证明书)[br]damage to the goods (注意介词搭配)[br]damaged goods (损坏了的货物)[br]goods damaged in transit (...中受损的货物)[br]loss: loss 这个词,词义很单纯, 解释"丧失,灭失",只是在字形上要把它和[br]下列单词区分清楚: [br]lose (动词)[br]lost ( lose 的过去式, 过去分词, 或其他解释的形容词)[br]loss (名词, 注意它的用法: loss of the goods) [br][br] make/pursue a claim against sb for sth (就...向...提出赔偿):[br]一提到 claim, 保险和法律的味道比较浓, pursue 还有 seek 的意思:[br](1) 保险领域的"索赔": claim clause (索赔条款)[br]notice of claim (索赔通知)[br](2) 法律领域的(根据权利所提出的)"要求":[br]claim for damage (要求损害赔偿)[br]The forwarders, on behalf of the consignee (importer), would:[br]Monitor the movement of good on behalf of the consignee when the [br]consignee controls freight (支付运费), that is, the cargo.[br]Receive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the [br]goods.[br]Take delivery of the goods from the carrier and, if necessary, pay the freight [br]cost (支付运费).[br]Arrange customs clearance and pay duties, fees and other charges to the [br]customs and other public authorities.[br]Arrange transit warehousing, if necessary.[br]Deliver the cleared goods to the consignee.[br]Assist the consignee, if necessary, in pursuing claims, if any, against [br]the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to them.[br]Assist the consignee, if necessary, in warehousing and distribution.[br][br] 句子: [br]Monitor the movement of good on behalf of the consignee when the [br]consignee controls freight, that is, the cargo.句中: [br]关于"货物"的词有这么一些,请辨析清楚:[br](1) cargo = goods (尤其是指船、飞机、车辆所载的)货物,运输行业的用语.[br]例如: sepcial cargoes (特殊货物)[br]project cargoes (工程货物)[br]container cargo (集装箱货物)[br]general cargo (杂货、普通货物)[br](2) goods 这个词与 passengers 相对应[br]例如: the shipment of goods (货物运输)[br]passenger transport (客运)[br](3) commodity (生活必需品,在经济领域中解释的商品)[br]例如: household commodity (家庭用品)[br]commodity inspection (商品检验)[br]name of commodity = commodity name (品名)[br](4) merchandise (销售、贸易领域中所指的商品、货物)[br](5) article (它不象前面四个词那样的解释,即不是指商品或货物的总称,[br]它的解释常常是"物品、物件、制品"等单件商品)[br]例如: a bamboo article (竹器)[br]three articles of luggage (三件行李)[br]handmade articles (手工制品)[br][br]句子: [br]Arrange customs clearance and pay duties, fees and other charges to the [br]customs and other public authorities.句中:[br]

duty (税,税收)[br]customs duty (海关税)[br]excise duties (消费税) [br]stamp duties (印花税)[br]duty-free goods (免税商品)[br][br]authority 和 association[br](1) authority 作为名词,而且以复数的形式出现时:[br]例如: the health authorities 解释"当局、权威机构"[br]实际上,以译成"机构、机关、管理局、委员会"等比较合理[br](2) association 解释"社团、协会、学会、联盟"等[br]例如: China International Freight Forwarders Association(CIFA)[br]International Federation of Feight Forwarders Association[br](FIATA)[br][br]clear the goods for export (办理货物出口的清关手续)[br] [br]

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-12 21:38:08编辑过]

太湖之梦

In order to provide a set of uniform rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade, ICC first published in 1936 a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms known as “Incoterms 1936“. Later amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices. The latest edition is “Incoterms 2000“, which include 13 different international trade terms. [br][br]　Each term specifies whether the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessities as export license, customs clearance, inspections, and other obligations. They specify at which point the risk of loss and / or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities. A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms, therefore, will have a mutual understanding of their rights, costs, and obligations.[br][br]Here six major trade terms are discussed. The traditional three trade terms are FOB, CFR and CIF, while FCA, CPT and CIP are new terms developed on the basis of the traditional ones.[br][br]They are suitable for any mode of transport and will be more widely used. [br][br]

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-12 21:40:04编辑过]

太湖之梦

货物 goods | | freight | | cargo 运输 transportation | | transit | | conveyance 运送 to transport | | to carry | | to convey 运输业 transportation business | | forwarding business | | carrying trade 运输代理人 a forwarding agent 承运人 a freight agent | | a carrier 船务代理人 a shipping agent 陆上运输 transportation by land 海上运输 transportation by sea 货物运输 goods traffic | | freight traffic | | carriage of freights | | carriage of goods 货轮 cargo boat | | freighter | | cargo steamer | | cargo carrier 火车 goods-train | | freight-train 卡车 goods-van | | goods wagon | | freight car | | truck 货运办公室 goods-office | | freight-department 运费率 freight | | freight rates | | goods rate 运费 carriage charges | | shipping expenses | | express charges 车费 cartage | | portage 运费预付 carriage prepaid | | carriage paid 运费到付 carriage forward | | freight collect 运费免除||免费 carriage free 协定运费 conference freight | | freight rate 运费清单 freight account 托运单 way-bill | | invoice 运送契约 contract for carriage 装运 shipment | | loading 装上货轮 to ship | | to load | | to take on a ship 装运费 shipping charges | | shipping commission 装运单||载货单 shipping invoice 装运单据 shipping documents 大副收据 mate's receipt 装船单 shipping order 提货单 delivery order 装船通知 shipping advice 包裹收据 parcel receipt 准装货单 shipping permit 租船契约 charter party 租船人 charterer 程租船||航次租赁 voyage charter 期租船 time charter 允许装卸时间 lay days | | laying days 工作日 working days 连续天数 running days | | consecutive days 滞期费 demurrage 滞期日数 demurrage days 速遣费 despatch money 空舱费 dead freight 退关 short shipment | | goods short shipped | | goods shut out | | shut-outs 赔偿保证书(信托收据) letter of indemnity | | trust receipt 装载 loading 卸货 unloading | | discharging | | landing 装运重量 shipping weight | | in-take-weight 卸货重量 landing weight 压舱 ballasting 压舱货 in ballast 舱单 manifest 船泊登记证书 ship's certificate of registry 航海日记 ship's log 船员名册 muster-roll (船员，乘客)健康证明 bill of health 光票 clean bill 不清洁提单 foul bill 有疑问提单 suspected bill

新的希望GG

woh, so detailed. Thanks!