非洲撒哈拉HBV和HIV的双重感染（2005.3.19）

zasxz

Liver International
OnlineEarly
doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01054.x


Review Article
Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in
sub-Saharan Africa: a call for further investigation

R. J. Burnett1, G. Fran鏾is2, M. C. Kew3, G. Leroux-Roels4, A. Meheus2, A.
A. Hoosen5 and M. J. Mphahlele1
Abstract:
A growing body of evidence indicates that human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)-positive individuals are more likely to be infected with hepatitis B
virus (HBV) than HIV-negative individuals, possibly as a result of shared
risk factors. There is also evidence that HIV-positive individuals who are
subsequently infected with HBV are more likely to become HBV chronic
carriers, have a high HBV replication rate, and remain hepatitis Be antigen
positive for a much longer period. In addition, it is evident that
immunosuppression brought about by HIV infection may cause reactivation or
reinfection in those previously exposed to HBV. Furthermore, HIV infection
exacerbates liver disease in HBV co-infected individuals, and there is an
even greater risk of liver disease when HIV and HBV co-infected patients are
treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Complicating
matters further, there have been several reports linking HIV infection to
'sero-silent' HBV infections, which presents serious problems for diagnosis,
prevention, and control. In sub-Saharan Africa, where both HIV and HBV are
endemic, little is known about the burden of co-infection and the
interaction between these two viruses. This paper reviews studies that have
investigated HIV and HBV co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa, against a
backdrop of what is currently known about the interactions between these two
viruses