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发表于 2004-6-25 22:51
BBC, 路透社和Science 即使同时载文报道美国国家卫生学院过敏传染研究员的医生利用流感/肺炎疫苗发明SARS鼻腔喷剂疫苗已经在非洲绿色猴子身上生效(将SARS的DNA编制在流感/肺炎疫苗的DNA中...). 这是在SARS和病毒研究上科学的又一步, 对于人类了解病毒有靠近了一些.
根据科学家们预定, 人类的鼻腔剂疫苗很快会研制出来, 到时候中国可能将会是最大的收益国家和使用人口量, 吃果子狸/野味杀生的也不用犯法了, 放心了...
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原文:
[B]Nasal vaccine works against Sars[/B]
[upload=bmp]uploadImages/20046/20046259424750351.bmp[/upload]
The scientists have three approaches to beating the virus
US scientists have successfully developed a nasal spray version of Sars vaccine that works in monkeys.
This is the third Sars vaccine made by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
The previous two required two doses to work, had to be injected under the skin and had only been tested in rats.
The new nasal vaccine needs only one dose and is delivered directly into the respiratory tract where Sars attacks, they say in the Lancet.
The NIAID researchers are hopeful that a similar nasal vaccine against Sars could be developed for humans.
With more research, we hope to develop a vaccine based on this approach that could be used to rapidly immunise first responders and other medical personnel
Dr Brian Murphy, lead researcher at the NIAID
Like the previous two, the newest vaccine uses a small piece of the virus's DNA to stimulate the body's immune system to mount a protective response.
They took a small piece of DNA from the Sars virus that codes for a protein normally found on its outer surface.
They then put the piece of Sars DNA into a weakened version of a virus that causes respiratory diseases like pneumonia in humans.
Direct delivery
This virus carried the Sars DNA directly into the respiratory tract.
Tests in monkeys showed the vaccine provided protection against Sars without causing infection itself.
Lead researcher Dr Brian Murphy said: "This study shows that delivering the vaccine directly to the respiratory tract can effectively protect primates from Sars.
"With more research, we hope to develop a vaccine based on this approach that could be used to rapidly immunise first responders and other medical personnel, helping them control a potential outbreak," he said.
Dr Murphy says the vaccine in its current form would be most effective in young children. This is because most adults already have some immunity against the common viruses that cause pneumonia.
"In the long run, we want to establish a weakened respiratory virus vector that all people are susceptible to," he said.
Professor Maria Zambon of the Health Protection Agency said: "This represents a significant advance in the fight against Sars, but it's overall importance will be judged against time, when further human trials have taken place.
"The development of new vaccines against any infectious disease usually involves a variety of approaches and methods of delivery."
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[B]Scientists a step closer to vaccine against SARS[/B]
JOHN INNES
SCIENTISTS have taken the first steps towards developing a vaccine against the deadly severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus.
Four monkeys which were injected with an experimental vaccine produced antibodies against the virus, which showed no signs of gaining a foothold in their lungs.
SARS emerged in South-east Asia in late 2002 and then spread around the world.
To date, it has resulted in 774 deaths and more than 8,000 infections.
The cause of SARS was quickly identified as a previously unknown coronavirus; a virus family linked to the common cold.
Outbreaks of the virus have since been contained through infection-control measures. But the threat remains that SARS might resurface, possibly in a more lethal form that can easily pass between humans.
To create the vaccine, scientists led by Alexander Bukreyev from the United States National Institute of Health, in Bethesda, Maryland, engineered an existing children’s influenza vaccine.
To test the vaccine, a test group of African green monkeys were deliberately infected with the SARS virus. Four were injected with the SARS vaccine and the other four with an unmodified flu vaccine.
None of the immunised monkeys showed signs of the virus in samples taken from their airways. The other four monkeys, in contrast, showed evidence of a viral presence in their lungs five to eight days after infection.
Writing in the Lancet medical journal, the researchers said: "The assessment of an experimental vaccine in a non-human primate is especially important in view of the phylogenetic and anatomical similarity to humans, and is an appropriate last step before clinical trials."
A potential vaccine for SARS will be welcomed by governments of countries hardest hit by the disease as well as the health community.
Singapore’s exposure to SARS has cost it nearly £300 million and left it with a record high unemployment level of 5.5 per cent.
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