乙型肝炎功能性治愈和免疫反應

StephenW

乙型肝炎功能性治愈和免疫反應
鄭家瑞 1 , 王子龍 1 , 馮博 1
隸屬關係
聯繫

     1個
     北京大學人民醫院丙型肝炎與肝病免疫治療北京市重點實驗室，北京大學肝病研究所，中國北京。

     PMID：36466821 PMCID：PMC9714500 DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075916

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抽象的

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是一種嗜肝病毒，它對肝細胞的損害不是直接的，而是通過免疫系統。 HBV特異性CD4+ T細胞可誘導HBV特異性B細胞和CD8+ T細胞。 HBV 特異性 B 細胞產生抗體來控制 HBV 感染，而 HBV 特異性 CD8+ T 細胞則破壞受感染的肝細胞。 HBV感染慢性化的原因之一是不能有效激活過繼性免疫，病毒特異性免疫細胞功能耗盡。 其中，病毒抗原（包括HBV表面抗原、e抗原、核心抗原等）可抑制免疫細胞功能，誘導免疫耐受。 長期核苷（酸）類似物（NAs）治療和低HBsAg水平的非活性HBsAg攜帶者可能由於血液和肝臟中病毒抗原水平的降低以及HBV的特異性免疫功能而“喚醒”功能異常的免疫細胞 一定程度就會康復，從而成為功能性治癒的“優勢人群”。 反過來，功能性治愈將進一步促進HBV特異性免疫功能的恢復，這也是乙肝徹底治癒的理論基礎。未來慢性HBV感染的徹底治愈必須是三藥合用：抑制 病毒複製、降低表面抗原水平和特異性免疫調節，其中特異性免疫治療不可或缺。 在此我們就乙肝治愈與免疫系統的關係、機制及臨床意義作一綜述。

關鍵詞：適應性免疫； 抗病毒物質; 慢性乙型肝炎； 功能性治愈； 先天免疫。

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作者聲明，該研究是在沒有任何可能被解釋為潛在利益衝突的商業或財務關係的情況下進行的。

StephenW

Hepatitis B functional cure and immune response
Jia-Rui Zheng  1 , Zi-Long Wang  1 , Bo Feng  1
Affiliations
Affiliation

    1
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China.

    PMID: 36466821 PMCID: PMC9714500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075916

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Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus, which damage to hepatocytes is not direct, but through the immune system. HBV specific CD4+ T cells can induce HBV specific B cells and CD8+ T cells. HBV specific B cells produce antibodies to control HBV infection, while HBV specific CD8+ T cells destroy infected hepatocytes. One of the reasons for the chronicity of HBV infection is that it cannot effectively activate adoptive immunity and the function of virus specific immune cells is exhausted. Among them, virus antigens (including HBV surface antigen, e antigen, core antigen, etc.) can inhibit the function of immune cells and induce immune tolerance. Long term nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) treatment and inactive HBsAg carriers with low HBsAg level may "wake up" immune cells with abnormal function due to the decrease of viral antigen level in blood and liver, and the specific immune function of HBV will recover to a certain extent, thus becoming the "dominant population" for functional cure. In turn, the functional cure will further promote the recovery of HBV specific immune function, which is also the theoretical basis for complete cure of hepatitis B. In the future, the complete cure of chronic HBV infection must be the combination of three drugs: inhibiting virus replication, reducing surface antigen levels and specific immune regulation, among which specific immunotherapy is indispensable. Here we review the relationship, mechanism and clinical significance between the cure of hepatitis B and immune system.

Keywords: adaptive immunity; antiviral; chronic hepatitis B; functional cure; innate immunity.

Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Wang and Feng.
Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

StephenW

https://www.frontiersin.org/arti ... mu.2022.1075916/pdf