我们的新兴学者科学和医学顾问推荐的期刊文章

StephenW

我们的新兴学者科学和医学顾问推荐的期刊文章

每个月，我们在乙型肝炎基础和临床研究领域的一位新兴学者都会推荐一两篇该领域的最新学术文章。

本月精选 - 2022 年 11 月

ESMAB 照片 150 188 px 311 月，我们的新晋学者是 Lena Allweiss 博士。她选择了两篇文章。

Smc5/6 通过三步函数使附加型转录沉默。 Abdul F、Diman A、Baechler B、Ramakrishnan D、Kornyeyev D、Beran RK、Fletcher SP、Strubin M. Nat Struct Mol Biol。 2022 年 9 月；29(9)：922-931。 doi: 10.1038/s41594-022-00829-0

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36097294/

染色体维护复合体 SMC5/6 是针对 HBV 的限制因子，因为它会阻止其游离病毒基因组的转录。对于要建立的活动性感染，HBV 依赖其调节蛋白 HBx 特异性降解该复合物并解除其转录抑制。该出版物描述了 SMC5/6 沉默 HBV 基因组病毒转录的机制——这种机制可能适用于限制其他 DNA 病毒，如 HIV 和 HPV。阐明这一过程不仅会产生关于病毒与其宿主相互作用的基本知识，而且可能有助于设计针对 HBx 的抗病毒药物。



小鼠细胞支持乙型肝炎病毒松弛环状 DNA 向共价闭合环状 DNA 的转化。 Wei L、Cafiero TR、Tseng A、Gertje HP、Berneshawi A、Crossland NA、Ploss A. JHEP Rep. 2022 年 7 月 9 日；4(9):100534。内政部：10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100534。

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36035363/

小鼠通常用于研究病毒感染和测试新型抗病毒治疗。然而，就 HBV 而言，小鼠不能简单地用于这些目的，因为 HBV 不会自然感染小鼠。科学家们目前正在尝试开发一种转基因小鼠模型，该模型被设计用于表达缺失的因子或消除在这些小鼠中建立 HBV 感染所必需的抑制因子。在该出版物中，作者表明，HBV 感染的关键步骤，即将进入的病毒松弛环状 DNA 转化为共价闭合环状 DNA，确实发生在小鼠肝细胞中，因此排除了这一步骤作为感染建立的潜在阻断。这些知识很重要，因为它将有助于为 HBV 研究创建这样的小鼠模型，该模型无需修改此步骤。

StephenW

Journal articles recommended by our Emerging Scholars Scientific and Medical Advisors

Each month, one of our emerging scholars in the field of hepatitis B basic and clinical research recommends one or two current scholarly article(s) in the field.

PICKS OF THE MONTH - November 2022

ESMAB photos 150 188 px 3For November, our presenting emerging scholar is Lena Allweiss, PhD.  She has selected two articles.

Smc5/6 silences episomal transcription by a three-step function. Abdul F, Diman A, Baechler B, Ramakrishnan D, Kornyeyev D, Beran RK, Fletcher SP, Strubin M. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2022 Sep;29(9):922-931. doi: 10.1038/s41594-022-00829-0

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36097294/

The chromosomal maintenance complex SMC5/6 is a restriction factor against HBV because it blocks transcription from its episomal viral genome. For an active infection to be established, HBV relies on its regulatory protein HBx to specifically degrade this complex and relieve its transcriptional suppression. This publication describes the mechanism by which SMC5/6 silences viral transcription from the HBV genome - a mechanism that might hold true for the restriction of other DNA virus such as HIV and HPV. Elucidating this process will not only generate basic knowledge about the interaction of viruses with their hosts but might also assist with the design of antiviral drugs targeting HBx.



Conversion of hepatitis B virus relaxed circular to covalently closed circular DNA is supported in murine cells. Wei L, Cafiero TR, Tseng A, Gertje HP, Berneshawi A, Crossland NA, Ploss A. JHEP Rep. 2022 Jul 9;4(9):100534. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100534.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36035363/

Mice are often used to study viral infections and test novel antiviral treatments. In the case of HBV, however, mice cannot simply be used for these purposes since HBV does not naturally infect mice. Scientists are currently trying to develop a genetically modified mouse model that is engineered to express missing factors or eliminate inhibitory factors necessary to establish an HBV infection in these mice. In this publication, the authors show that a crucial step in HBV infection, the conversion of incoming viral relaxed circular DNA to covalently closed circular DNA, does take place in mouse hepatocytes, thus ruling out this step as a potential block for infection establishment. This knowledge is important because it will help create such a mouse model for HBV research, a model in which this step does not need to be modified.

StephenW

https://www.hepb.org/news-and-ev ... -emerging-scholars/