针对慢性乙型肝炎的免疫疗法

StephenW

针对慢性乙型肝炎的免疫疗法
Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar 1，Osamu Yoshida 2，Yoichi Hiasa 2
隶属关系
隶属关系

    1
    爱媛大学医学研究生院胃肠病学和代谢学系，日本爱媛县香椿市 Shitsukawa 454，791-0295。 [email protected]。
    2
    爱媛大学医学研究生院胃肠病学和代谢学系，日本爱媛县香椿市 Shitsukawa 454，791-0295。

    PMID：35708793 DOI：10.1007/s00535-022-01890-8

抽象的

慢性乙型肝炎 (CHB) 患者是乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 的活的和永久的宿主。如果治疗不当，数以百万计的慢性乙型肝炎患者最终会出现肝硬化、肝功能衰竭和肝细胞癌等并发症。因此，已经开发了几种抗病毒药物来治疗慢性乙型肝炎，但这些药物既不能根除所有形式的乙型肝炎病毒，也不能抑制大多数慢性乙型肝炎患者并发症的进展。因此，开发新的慢性乙型肝炎疗法仍然是一个紧迫的需求。 CHB 发病机制的分子和细胞机制表明，免疫失调可能是导致慢性乙型肝炎持续存在和进行性肝损伤的原因。这为慢性乙型肝炎患者的免疫治疗提供了科学和伦理依据。自 1990 年代初开始 CHB 的免疫疗法以来，已经过去了大约 30 年，并且已经完成了数百项临床试验来证实这种免疫疗法。尽管有这些方法，但尚未实现可接受的免疫治疗方案。然而，大多数免疫治疗剂对人类使用是安全的，其中许多方案激发了相当大的乐观情绪。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论过去 30 年来在慢性乙型肝炎患者中观察到的不同免疫疗法的优缺点，以深入了解开发一种循证、有效和对患者友好的免疫疗法方案CHB的治疗。

关键词：抗原特异性免疫治疗；慢性乙型肝炎；联合治疗；免疫治疗；多克隆免疫调节剂。

© 2022。作者。

StephenW

Immune therapies against chronic hepatitis B
Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar  1 , Osamu Yoshida  2 , Yoichi Hiasa  2
Affiliations
Affiliations

    1
    Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan. [email protected].
    2
    Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 454, Toon City, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.

    PMID: 35708793 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-022-01890-8

Abstract

Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) represent a living and permanent reservoir of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Millions of these CHB patients will eventually develop complications such as liver cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma if they are not treated properly. Accordingly, several antiviral drugs have been developed for the treatment of CHB, but these drugs can neither eradicate all forms of HBV nor contain the progression of complications in most patients with CHB. Thus, the development of new and novel therapeutics for CHB remains a pressing need. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CHB indicate that immune dysregulations may be responsible for HBV persistence and progressive liver damage in CHB. This provided the scientific and ethical basis for the immune therapy of CHB patients. Around 30 years have passed since the initiation of immune therapies for CHB in the early 1990s, and hundreds of clinical trials have been accomplished to substantiate this immune treatment. Despite these approaches, an acceptable regimen of immune therapy is yet to be realized. However, most immune therapeutic agents are safe for human usage, and many of these protocols have inspired considerable optimism. In this review, the pros and cons of different immune therapies, observed in patients with CHB during the last 30 years, will be discussed to derive insights into the development of an evidence-based, effective, and patient-friendly regimen of immune therapy for the treatment of CHB.

Keywords: Antigen-specific immunotherapy; Chronic hepatitis B; Combination therapy; Immune therapy; Polyclonal immune modulators.

© 2022. The Author(s).

StephenW

https://link.springer.com/conten ... 535-022-01890-8.pdf

乙肝人1949

假装听懂了