评估肝脏的免疫学和病毒学反应：对治愈慢性乙型肝炎病毒

StephenW

评估肝脏的免疫学和病毒学反应：对治愈慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的意义
托拜厄斯·博特勒 1、厄普卡尔·S·吉尔 2、莉娜·奥尔维斯 3 4、特蕾莎·波利奇诺 5、约翰·E·塔维斯 6、法比安·祖林 7
隶属关系
隶属关系

    1
    德国弗莱堡大学医学部弗莱堡大学医学中心医学 II 系（胃肠病学、肝病学、内分泌学和传染病）。
    2
    暴雪研究所、免疫生物学中心、Barts 和伦敦玛丽女王大学伦敦医学和牙科学院，英国伦敦。
    3
    I. 德国汉堡大学医学中心 Hamburg-Eppendorf 医学诊所和综合诊所。
    4
    德国感染研究中心 (DZIF)，汉堡-吕贝克-博斯泰尔-里姆斯站点，德国。
    5
    意大利墨西拿墨西拿大学医院“G. Martino”人类病理学系。
    6
    美国密苏里州圣路易斯大学圣路易斯大学分子微生物学和免疫学系以及药物和生物治疗创新研究所。
    7
    INSERM 单元 1052 - 里昂癌症研究中心，法国里昂大学里昂民间医院肝病学系。

    PMID：35493765 PMCID：PMC9039841 DOI：10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100480

抽象的

目前的治疗方法很少能治愈慢性 HBV 感染。基础研究有助于从根本上提高我们对病毒生命周期和病毒与宿主相互作用的认识，并为目前正在开发或正在临床试验中测试的几种新型药物类别提供了基础。尽管这些针对病毒生命周期或抗病毒免疫反应的新型化合物具有很大的前景，但我们仍然缺乏对感染部位肝脏发生的免疫学和病毒学过程的全面了解。在 2021 年国际肝病大会 (ILC 2021) 上，一个关于慢性 HBV 感染的研究智囊团专注于肝脏内促进持续感染的机制，并研究了需要解决的研究问题，以填补知识空白并确定新的治疗策略。在此，我们总结了智囊团的讨论，并确定了必须解决的关键基础研究问题，以便为 HBV 感染的功能性治愈制定更有效的策略。

关键词：B细胞； CHB，慢性乙型肝炎； FNA，细针抽吸； HBcrAg，HBV核心相关抗原；乙肝表面抗原； T细胞；生物标志物； cccDNA； cccDNA，共价闭合环状 DNA；细针抽吸；肝活检； pgRNA，前基因组 RNA；病毒性肝炎;病毒整合。

© 2022 作者。

StephenW

Assessing immunological and virological responses in the liver: Implications for the cure of chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Tobias Boettler  1 , Upkar S Gill  2 , Lena Allweiss  3   4 , Teresa Pollicino  5 , John E Tavis  6 , Fabien Zoulim  7
Affiliations
Affiliations

    1
    Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
    2
    Blizard Institute, Centre for Immunobiology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
    3
    I. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
    4
    German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems sites, Germany.
    5
    Department of Human Pathology, University Hospital "G. Martino" of Messina, Messina, Italy.
    6
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Institute for Drug and Biotherapeutic Innovation, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis MO USA.
    7
    INSERM Unit 1052 - Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Department of Hepatology Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon University, France.

    PMID: 35493765 PMCID: PMC9039841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100480

Abstract

Cure from chronic HBV infection is rare with current therapies. Basic research has helped to fundamentally improve our knowledge of the viral life cycle and virus-host interactions, and provided the basis for several novel drug classes that are currently being developed or are being tested in clinical trials. While these novel compounds targeting the viral life cycle or antiviral immune responses hold great promise, we are still lacking a comprehensive understanding of the immunological and virological processes that occur at the site of infection, the liver. At the International Liver Congress 2021 (ILC 2021), a research think tank on chronic HBV infection focused on mechanisms within the liver that facilitate persistent infection and looked at the research questions that need to be addressed to fill knowledge gaps and identify novel therapeutic strategies. Herein, we summarise the discussion by the think tank and identify the key basic research questions that must be addressed in order to develop more effective strategies for the functional cure of HBV infection.

Keywords: B cells; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; FNA, fine needle aspiration; HBcrAg, HBV core-related antigen; HBsAg; T cells; biomarker; cccDNA; cccDNA, covalently closed circular DNA; fine needle aspirates; liver biopsy; pgRNA, pregenomic RNA; viral hepatitis; viral integration.

© 2022 The Author(s).

StephenW

http://www.jhep-reports.eu/article/S2589555922000520/pdf