立场文件|第74卷，第4期，P944-951,2021年4月1日 EASL关于在慢性

StephenW

Position Paper| Volume 74, ISSUE 4, P944-951, April 01, 2021
EASL position paper on the use of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with chronic liver diseases, hepatobiliary cancer and liver transplant recipients

    Markus Cornberg
    Maria Buti
    Christiane S. Eberhardt
    Paolo Antonio Grossi
    Daniel Shouval

Published:February 06, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.032
Summary
According to a recent World Health Organization estimate, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which originated in China in 2019, has spread globally, infecting nearly 100 million people worldwide by January 2021. Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), particularly cirrhosis, hepatobiliary malignancies, candidates for liver transplantation, and immunosuppressed individuals after liver transplantation appear to be at increased risk of infections in general, which in turn translates into increased mortality. This is also the case for SARS-CoV-2 infection, where patients with cirrhosis, in particular, are at high risk of a severe COVID-19 course. Therefore, vaccination against various pathogens including SARS-CoV-2, administered as early as possible in patients with CLD, is an important protective measure. However, due to impaired immune responses in these patients, the immediate and long-term protective response through immunisation may be incomplete. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to the exceptionally fast development of several vaccine candidates. A small number of these SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates have already undergone phase III, placebo-controlled, clinical trials in healthy individuals with proof of short-term safety, immunogenicity and efficacy. However, although regulatory agencies in the US and Europe have already approved some of these vaccines for clinical use, information on immunogenicity, duration of protection and long-term safety in patients with CLD, cirrhosis, hepatobiliary cancer and liver transplant recipients has yet to be generated. This review summarises the data on vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy in this patient population in general and discusses the implications of this knowledge on the introduction of the new SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Keywords

    Cirrhosis
    Liver transplantation
    Vaccine
    Influenza
    COVID-19
    SARS-CoV-2

StephenW

立场文件|第74卷，第4期，P944-951,2021年4月1日
EASL关于在慢性肝病，肝胆癌和肝移植受者中使用COVID-19疫苗的立场文件

    马库斯·康伯格
    玛丽亚·布蒂（Maria Buti）
    克里斯蒂安妮·埃伯哈特（Christiane S.Eberhardt）
    保罗·安东尼奥·格罗西
    丹尼尔·舒瓦（Daniel Shouval）

发布时间：2021年2月6日DOI：https：//doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.032
概括
根据世界卫生组织最近的估计，严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行起源于2019年，已在全球蔓延，到2021年1月感染了全球近1亿人。疾病（CLD），尤其是肝硬化，肝胆恶性肿瘤，肝移植候选对象和肝移植后免疫抑制的个体，总体上感染的风险似乎增加，这反过来又转化为死亡率的增加。 SARS-CoV-2感染也是如此，尤其是肝硬化患者，有严重COVID-19病程的高风险。因此，在CLD患者中尽早接种针对包括SARS-CoV-2在内的各种病原体的疫苗接种是一项重要的保护措施。但是，由于这些患者的免疫反应受损，因此通过免疫的即时和长期保护反应可能是不完全的。当前的SARS-CoV-2大流行导致了几种候选疫苗的异常快速发展。这些候选SARS-CoV-2疫苗中的少数已经在健康个体中进行了III期，安慰剂对照的临床试验，并具有短期安全性，免疫原性和功效的证据。但是，尽管美国和欧洲的监管机构已经批准了其中一些疫苗的临床用途，但有关CLD，肝硬化，肝胆癌和肝移植患者的免疫原性，保护期和长期安全性的信息尚待确定。生成的。这篇综述总结了总体上该患者人群中疫苗安全性，免疫原性和功效的数据，并讨论了该知识对新SARS-CoV-2疫苗的引入的意义。
关键字词

    肝硬化
    肝移植
    疫苗
    流感
    新冠肺炎
    SARS-CoV-2

StephenW

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