我们的机构每天更换数十亿个细胞

StephenW

Our Bodies Replace Billions of Cells Every Day

Blood and the gut dominate cell turnover

    By Mark Fischetti, Jen Christiansen | Scientific American April 2021 Issue

Our Bodies Replace Billions of Cells Every Day
Credit: Jen Christiansen

The human body replaces its own cells regularly. Scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, have finally pinned down the speed and extent of this “turnover.” About a third of our body mass is fluid outside of our cells, such as plasma, plus solids, such as the calcium scaffolding of bones. The remaining two thirds is made up of roughly 30 trillion human cells. About 72 percent of those, by mass, are fat and muscle, which last an average of 12 to 50 years, respectively. But we have far more, tiny cells in our blood, which live only three to 120 days, and lining our gut, which typically live less than a week. Those two groups therefore make up the giant majority of the turnover. About 330 billion cells are replaced daily, equivalent to about 1 percent of all our cells. In 80 to 100 days, 30 trillion will have replenished—the equivalent of a new you.

This article was originally published with the title "A New You in 80 Days" in Scientific American 324, 4, 76 (April 2021)

doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0421-76

StephenW

我们的机构每天更换数十亿个细胞

血液和肠道支配细胞更新

    马克·费斯切蒂（Jen Christiansen）| 《科学美国人》 2021年4月号

我们的机构每天更换数十亿个细胞
图片来源：Jen Christiansen

人体定期更换自己的细胞。以色列雷霍沃特的魏兹曼科学研究所的科学家终于确定了这一“转变”的速度和程度。我们身体的大约三分之一是细胞外的液体，例如血浆，以及固体，例如骨骼的钙支架。其余三分之二由大约30万亿个人体细胞组成。按质量计算，其中约72％是脂肪和肌肉，它们的平均寿命分别为12至50年。但是，我们的血液中只有很少的细小细胞，它们只能存活三到120天，而且衬里的肠道通常可以存活不到一周。因此，这两个群体占营业额的绝大部分。每天约有3300亿个细胞被替换，约占我们所有细胞的1％。在80到100天之内，将补充30万亿美元-相当于一个新的您。

本文最初以《科学美国人》第324、4、76页（2021年4月）的标题为“ 80天内的新人”发表。

doi：10.1038 / scientificamerican0421-76

StephenW

https://www.scientificamerican.c ... Id=MjEwMDE4Nzg1NwS2