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Sophisticated viral quasispecies with a genotype-related pattern of mutations in the hepatitis B X gene of HBeAg-ve chronically infected patients
Maria Francesca Cortese # 1 2 , Carolina González # 3 , Josep Gregori 4 5 , Rosario Casillas 4 3 , Luca Carioti 6 , Mercedes Guerrero-Murillo 7 , Mar Riveiro-Barciela 8 9 , Cristina Godoy 3 8 , Sara Sopena 4 3 , Marçal Yll 4 3 , Josep Quer 4 8 , Ariadna Rando 3 , Rosa Lopez-Martinez 3 , Beatriz Pacín Ruiz 4 , Selene García-García 4 , Rafael Esteban-Mur 8 9 , David Tabernero 3 8 , Maria Buti 8 9 , Francisco Rodríguez-Frías 3 8
Affiliations
Affiliations
1
Liver Unit, Liver Disease Laboratory-Viral Hepatitis, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Passeig Vall d'Hebrón, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain. [email protected].
2
Liver Pathology Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [email protected].
3
Liver Pathology Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
4
Liver Unit, Liver Disease Laboratory-Viral Hepatitis, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Passeig Vall d'Hebrón, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.
5
Roche Diagnostics SL, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.
6
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
7
Department of Microbiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
8
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
9
Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
#
Contributed equally.
PMID: 33603102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83762-4
Abstract
Patients with HBeAg-negative chronic infection (CI) have not been extensively studied because of low viremia. The HBx protein, encoded by HBX, has a key role in viral replication. Here, we analyzed the viral quasispecies at the 5' end of HBX in CI patients and compared it with that of patients in other clinical stages. Fifty-eight HBeAg-negative patients were included: 16 CI, 19 chronic hepatitis B, 16 hepatocellular carcinoma and 6 liver cirrhosis. Quasispecies complexity and conservation were determined in the region between nucleotides 1255 and 1611. Amino acid changes detected were tested in vitro. CI patients showed higher complexity in terms of mutation frequency and nucleotide diversity and higher quasispecies conservation (p < 0.05). A genotype D-specific pattern of mutations (A12S/P33S/P46S/T36D-G) was identified in CI (median frequency, 81.7%), which determined a reduction in HBV DNA release of up to 1.5 log in vitro. CI patients showed a more complex and conserved viral quasispecies than the other groups. The genotype-specific pattern of mutations could partially explain the low viremia observed in these patients.
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