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Persistence of intrahepatic HBV DNA integration in patients developing hepatocellular carcinoma after HBsAg seroclearance
Jeong Won Jang 1 2 , Jin Seoub Kim 1 2 , Hye Seon Kim 1 2 , Kwon Yong Tak 1 2 , Heechul Nam 1 2 , Pil Soo Sung 1 2 , Si Hyun Bae 1 2 , Jong Young Choi 1 2 , Seung Kew Yoon 1 2 , Lewis R Roberts 3
Affiliations
Affiliations
1
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
2
The Catholic University Liver Research Center, USA.
3
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.
PMID: 33317255 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2020.0115
Abstract
Background/aim: The role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) integration into the host genome in hepatocarcinogenesis following HBsAg seroclearance remains unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate and characterize HBV integration events in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after HBsAg seroclearance.
Methods: Using probe-based HBV capturing followed by next generation sequencing technology, HBV integration was examined in 10 samples (seven HCC tumors and three nontumor tissues) from 7 chronic carriers who developed HCC after HBsAg loss. Genomic locations and patterns of HBV integration were investigated.
Results: HBV integration was observed in six (85.7%) patients and 8 (80.0%) of 10 tested samples. HBV integration breakpoints were detected in all of the non-tumor (3/3, 100%) and five of the seven (71.4%) tumor samples, with an average number of breakpoints of 4.00 and 2.43, respectively. Despite the lower total number of tumoral integration breakpoints, HBV integration sites in the tumors were more enriched within the genic area. In contrast, non-tumor tissues more often showed intergenic integration. Regarding functions of the affected genes, tumoral genes with HBV integration were mostly associated with carcinogenesis. At enrollment, patients who did not remain under regular HCC surveillance after HBsAg seroclearance had a large HCC, while those on regular surveillance had a small HCC.
Conclusions: The biological functions of HBV integration are almost comparable between HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-serocleared HCCs, with continuing pro-oncogenic effects of HBV integration. Thus, ongoing HCC surveillance and clinical management should continue even after HBsAg seroclearance in patients with CHB.
Keywords: Cancer surveillance; HBsAg seroclearance; Hepatitis B virus; Liver cancer; Virus integration.
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