肝纤维化：病理生理学和临床意义

StephenW

Liver fibrosis: Pathophysiology and clinical implications
Jennifer Berumen  1 , Jacopo Baglieri  1   2 , Tatiana Kisseleva  1 , Kristin Mekeel  1
Affiliations
Affiliations

    1
    Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
    2
    Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.

    PMID: 32713091 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1499

Abstract

Liver fibrosis is a clinically significant finding that has major impacts on patient morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of fibrosis involves many different cellular pathways, but the major cell type involved appears to be hepatic stellate cells. Many liver diseases, including Hepatitis B, C, and fatty liver disease cause ongoing hepatocellular damage leading to liver fibrosis. No matter the cause of liver disease, liver-related mortality increases exponentially with increasing fibrosis. The progression to cirrhosis brings more dramatic mortality and higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Fibrosis can also affect outcomes following liver transplantation in adult and pediatric patients and require retransplantation. Drugs exist to treat Hepatitis B and C that reverse fibrosis in patients with those viral diseases, but there are currently no therapies to directly treat liver fibrosis. Several mouse models of chronic liver diseases have been successfully reversed using novel drug targets with current therapies focusing mostly on prevention of myofibroblast activation. Further research in these areas could lead to development of drugs to treat fibrosis, which will have invaluable impact on patient survival. This article is categorized under: Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Organ, Tissue, and Physiological Models.

Keywords: chirrosis; clinical stages of liver fibrosis; hepatic stellate cells; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver fibrosis.

StephenW

肝纤维化：病理生理学和临床意义
詹妮弗·贝鲁门1，雅各布·巴格里里1 2，塔蒂亚娜·基塞列娃1，克里斯汀·梅凯尔1
隶属关系
隶属关系

    1个
    美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校外科系。
    2
    美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校医学系。

    PMID：32713091 DOI：10.1002 / wsbm.1499

抽象

肝纤维化是一项重要的临床发现，对患者的发病率和死亡率具有重大影响。纤维化的机制涉及许多不同的细胞途径，但涉及的主要细胞类型似乎是肝星状细胞。包括乙型，丙型肝炎和脂肪肝在内的许多肝脏疾病都会引起持续的肝细胞损伤，从而导致肝纤维化。无论肝病的原因是什么，与肝有关的死亡率都会随着纤维化程度的增加而成倍增加。肝硬化的发展带来更大的死亡率和更高的肝细胞癌发病率。纤维化还可能影响成年和小儿肝移植后的结局，需要重新移植。存在用于治疗可逆转那些病毒性疾病患者纤维化的乙型和丙型肝炎的药物，但是目前尚无直接治疗肝纤维化的疗法。使用新型药物靶标已成功逆转了几种慢性肝病的小鼠模型，目前的疗法主要集中在预防成肌纤维细胞活化上。在这些领域的进一步研究可能会导致开发治疗纤维化的药物，这将对患者的生存产生不可估量的影响。本文归类于：转化医学，基因组医学和系统医学>系统特性和过程的转化医学模型>器官，组织和生理学模型。

关键词：手性肝纤维化的临床阶段；肝星状细胞；肝细胞癌；肝纤维化。