与标准的3剂量方案相比，对4剂量的HBV疫苗接种后贝宁儿童的

StephenW

Vaccine. 2019 Dec 19. pii: S0264-410X(19)31673-1. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.031. [Epub ahead of print]
Assessment of the anti-HBs antibody response in Beninese infants following 4 doses of HBV vaccine, including administration at birth, compared to the standard 3 doses regime; a cross-sectional survey.
Accrombessi M1, Adetola CV2, Bacharou S3, Dossou Y4, Avokpaho E4, Yakoubou A5, Koumakpai-Adeothy S3, Lozes E6, Issifou S4.
Author information

1
    Fondation pour la Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin; Institut de Recherche Clinique du Benin (IRCB), Abomey-Calavi, Benin; Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected].
2
    Laboratoire de l'Antenne Départementale de l'Agence Nationale pour la Transfusion Sanguine, Porto-Novo, Benin.
3
    Unité de Vaccination du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l'Enfant Lagune (CHU-MEL), Cotonou, Benin; Unité de Vaccination du Centre de Santé de Cotonou I, Cotonou, Benin.
4
    Fondation pour la Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin; Institut de Recherche Clinique du Benin (IRCB), Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
5
    Unité de Vaccination du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l'Enfant Lagune (CHU-MEL), Cotonou, Benin.
6
    Ecole Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin.

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains one of the major neglected health issues worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), HBV endemicity is high, with more than 8% of the population being chronic HBV carriers. Recently, WHO recommended that all infants should receive their first dose of the HBV vaccine as soon as possible after birth. Unfortunately, the incorporation of a birth dose of HBV in the expanded programme immunization (EPI) has not occurred in the majority of countries in SSA. From April to September 2017, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in two vaccine units located in southern Benin. We assessed the sustained anti-HBs antibody response in infants induced by a standard scheme of 3 doses of HBV vaccination (6, 10, 14 weeks) in comparison to a scheme of 4 doses with a birth dose included (0, 6, 10, 14 weeks). Blood samples were systematically collected in the first 140 children aged 9 months and their mothers who had consented to participate for the detection of HBs antigen and the quantification of anti-HBs antibodies. The prevalence of HBV infection among infants and mothers was 2.2% and 7.1%, respectively. Infants who received 4 doses of HBV vaccine had a significantly higher level of anti-HBs antibody than those who received 3 doses of vaccine (557.9 UI/L vs. 386.9 UI/L, respectively, P = 0.03). We also showed that the scheme of 4 doses was associated with a significantly higher sustained protective response in comparison to the scheme of 3 doses (aOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.03-6.03, P = 0.04). This result provides further evidence of the importance of administering HBV vaccine at birth, but also highlights the importance for the prevention of vertical transmissions. Additional studies are needed to better establish the cost-effectiveness of such a 4 doses immunization strategy before implementing the HBV vaccination at birth in the EPI.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:

Benin; Hepatitis B virus; Sustained protective response; Vaccination scheme

PMID:
    31866185
DOI:
    10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.031

StephenW

JVaccine。 2019年12月19日.pii：S0264-410X（19）31673-1。 doi：10.1016 / j.vaccine.2019.12.031。 [Epub提前发布]
与标准的3剂量方案相比，对4剂量的HBV疫苗接种后贝宁儿童的抗HBs抗体反应进行评估，包括在出生时进行接种；横断面调查。
Accrombessi M1，Adetola CV2，Bacharou S3，Dossou Y4，Avokpaho E4，Yakoubou A5，Koumakpai-Adeothy S3，Lozes E6，Issifou S4。
作者信息

1个
    贝宁科托努科学技术基金会（FORS）贝宁阿贝米·卡拉维诊所，贝宁研究中心（IRCB）；英国伦敦伦敦卫生与热带医学学院疾病控制系传染与热带疾病学院。电子地址：[email protected]。
2
    贝宁国立新奥尔良输血Sanguine实验室。
3
    贝宁市科隆大学梅尔和勒芬婴儿中心医院的疫苗接种联合会（CHU-MEL）；贝宁科托努圣科特努一世中心疫苗接种。
4
    贝宁科托努科学技术基金会（FORS）贝宁Abomey-Calavi的Recherche Clinique du Benin研究所（IRCB）。
5
    贝宁科托努梅尔和拉芬婴儿大学中心医院的疫苗接种工作（CHU-MEL）。
6
    贝宁Abomey-Calavi大学d'Abomey-Calavi理工学院（EPAC）。

抽象

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染仍然是全球范围内被忽视的主要健康问题之一。在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），HBV流行率很高，超过8％的人口是慢性HBV携带者。最近，世卫组织建议所有婴儿出生后应尽快接种第一剂乙肝疫苗。不幸的是，SSA的大多数国家都没有将出生剂量的HBV纳入扩展的计划免疫（EPI）中。从2017年4月至9月，对位于贝宁南部的两个疫苗单位进行了横断面调查。我们评估了3剂HBV疫苗接种标准方案（6、10、14周）与4剂方案（包括出生剂量（0、6、10， 14周）。在前140名9个月大的儿童及其母亲中，系统地收集了血样，他们的母亲同意参与检测HBs抗原和定量抗HBs抗体。婴儿和母亲的HBV感染率分别为2.2％和7.1％。接受4剂HBV疫苗的婴儿比接受3剂疫苗的婴儿具有更高的抗HBs抗体水平（分别为557.9 UI / L和386.9 UI / L，P = 0.03）。我们还显示，与3剂方案相比，4剂方案与显着更高的持续保护反应相关（aOR 2.49，95％CI 1.03-6.03，P = 0.04）。该结果提供了进一步的证据，证明了出生时服用HBV疫苗的重要性，同时也突出了预防垂直传播的重要性。在EPI出生时实施HBV疫苗接种之前，需要进行其他研究以更好地确定这种4剂免疫策略的成本效益。

版权所有©2019 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
关键字：

贝宁;乙型肝炎病毒；持续的保护反应；疫苗接种方案

PMID：
    31866185
DOI：
    10.1016 / j.vaccine.2019.12.031