发现乙型肝炎病毒的限制因子

StephenW

Discovery of a restriction factor for hepatitis B virus

Date:
    April 8, 2019
Source:
    Institut Pasteur
Summary:
    Hepatitis B is a viral liver infection that can lead to acute or chronic conditions. Although there is a vaccine that offers against the virus, current treatments which prevent the virus from replicating are not curative for infected individuals. Is capable of acting as a restriction factor for the hepatitis B virus by degrading the viral DNA.

FULL STORY

Hepatitis B is a viral liver infection that can lead to acute or chronic conditions. Although there is a vaccine that offers against the virus, current treatments which prevent the virus from replicating are not curative for infected individuals. Scientists at the Institut Pasteur working in Collaboration with the CNRS have demonstrated that a cellular protein is capable of acting as a restriction factor for the hepatitis B virus by degrading the viral DNA.

Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects more than 250 million people worldwide, putting them at high risk of developing serious liver conditions including liver cancer, an extremely severe form of cancer for which scientists have not yet found an effective treatment.

Although several antiviral treatments can be inhibited HBV replication, they are not curative and do not completely eliminate the virus. It is therefore important to eliminate the virus in chronic carriers so as to prevent the disease from developing into cancer.

When viruses infect cells, they make use of cellular machinery, in other words the cell's built-in multiplication mechanisms. To combat viruses, some cellular proteins are capable of interfering with these mechanisms. These are known as viral restriction factors.

Scientists at the Institut Pasteur postulated that a protein mainly produced in several organs, including the liver, could take on the role of a restriction factor.

"During our research, we demonstrate that a cellular protein capable of degrading DNA could be incorporated into the viral particle and insulin degradation of the hepatitis B virus genome," explains Jean-Pierre Vartanian from the Institut Pasteur's Molecular Retrovirology Unit. In this process, The enzyme, known as DNase I, produces empty virus particles.

DNase I, considered as a new antiviral restriction factor, is expressed in vitro in a hypoxic (oxygen-depleted) environment and also in patients infected with hepatitis B virus.

"The aim of our research is to use this protein to produce viral particles containing the nuclease so that we can pursue a "Trojan horse" approach," continues Jean-Pierre Vartanian. These particles will target infected liver cells, inducing degradation of the viral And cellular DNA found in them.

Story Source:

Materials provided by Institut Pasteur. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

StephenW

发现乙型肝炎病毒的限制因子

日期：
2019年4月8日
资源：
巴斯德研究所
摘要：
乙型肝炎是一种病毒性肝脏感染，可导致急性或慢性疾病。虽然有一种疫苗可以抵抗病毒，但目前可以防止病毒复制的治疗方法并不能治愈感染者。能够通过降解病毒DNA作为乙型肝炎病毒的限制因子。

完整的故事

乙型肝炎是一种病毒性肝脏感染，可导致急性或慢性疾病。虽然有一种疫苗可以抵抗病毒，但目前可以防止病毒复制的治疗方法并不能治愈感染者。巴斯德研究所与CNRS合作的科学家已经证明，细胞蛋白能够通过降解病毒DNA而成为乙型肝炎病毒的限制因子。

慢性感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）影响全球超过2.5亿人，使他们面临严重肝病的高风险，包括肝癌，这是一种极其严重的癌症形式，科学家尚未找到有效的治疗方法。

虽然几种抗病毒治疗可以抑制HBV复制，但它们不能治愈，也不能完全消除病毒。因此，重要的是消除慢性携带者中的病毒以防止疾病发展成癌症。

当病毒感染细胞时，它们利用细胞机器，换句话说就是细胞的内置增殖机制。为了对抗病毒，一些细胞蛋白能够干扰这些机制。这些被称为病毒限制因子。

巴斯德研究所的科学家们推测，主要在几个器官中产生的蛋白质，包括肝脏，可以起到限制因子的作用。

“在我们的研究过程中，我们证明能够降解DNA的细胞蛋白质可以整合到病毒颗粒和乙型肝炎病毒基因组的胰岛素降解中，”巴斯德研究所分子逆转录病毒科的Jean-Pierre Vartanian解释道。在该过程中，称为DNase I的酶产生空病毒颗粒。

DNase I被认为是一种新的抗病毒限制因子，在缺氧（缺氧）环境中以及感染乙型肝炎病毒的患者体外表达。

“我们研究的目的是利用这种蛋白质生产含有核酸酶的病毒颗粒，这样我们就可以采用”特洛伊木马“的方法，”Jean-Pierre Vartanian继续说道。这些颗粒将靶向受感染的肝细胞，诱导其中发现的病毒和细胞DNA的降解。

故事来源：

材料由Institut Pasteur提供。注意：可以根据样式和长度编辑内容。