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THU-205
Evaluation of HBV outcomes after treatment discontinuation
from 4 phase 3 studies
Maria Buti1, Thomas Berg2, Henry Chan3, Vithika Suri4,
Hongyuan Wang4, Anuj Gaggar4, Edward Gane5, Jörg Petersen6,
Sang Hoon Ahn7, Patrick Marcellin8. 1University Hospital Vall d’Hebron,
Barcelona, Spain; 2Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; 3Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 4Gilead Sciences, Inc.,
Foster City, United States; 5Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand Liver
Transplant Unit, Auckland, New Zealand; 6University of Hamburg,
Hamburg, Germany; 7Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea, Rep. of South; 8Hôpital Beaujon, Viral Hepatitis Research Unit,
Clichy, France
Email: [email protected]
Background and aims: Current international guidelines recommend
stopping Nucleot (s)ide analogue (NA) therapy in a select group of
patients with the aim of promoting sustained off treatment response.
However, the durability and effectiveness of stopping NA therapy
appears to be poor with results from several studies reporting
virologic remission response rates of ∼50%. Here we evaluate 4 large
phase 3 studies for responses following treatment discontinuation.
Method: Patients from 4 phase 3 studies of TDF with or without Peg-
IFN in HBeAg negative and positive patients were followed for up to
144 weeks after discontinuing treatment. Multivariate logistic
regression modeling with stepwise selections were used to evaluate
baseline (BL) and post-treatment discontinuation predictors of offtreatment
responses, including; HBsAg loss and ALT < ULN with HBV
DNA <2000 IU/ml, each in 3 separate models
Results: Of the 1423 enrolled in the parent studies, 660 HBsAg
positive patients entered treatment free follow-up (TFFU) with a
mean follow-up duration of 34 weeks. Demographic and disease
characteristics of patients at the time of withdrawal are shown in
Table. At the end of the TFFU, 2% had HBsAg loss and 17% of patients
had ALT < ULN with DNA <2000 IU/ml. For the virologic outcomes, a
lower BL HBV DNA level (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.748, p < 0.001), an
increased duration of HBV DNA suppression (OR: 1.003, p < 0.0001),
HBeAg negativity (OR: 2.821, p = 0.0013), a smaller increase in HBV
DNA off treatment (OR: 0.505, p < 0.0001) and NA treatment (OR (NA
vs Peg IFN): 8.285, p < 0.0001) at the time of withdrawal were
significant predictors of patients who remain ALT <ULN with HBV
DNA <2000 IU/ml at the end of follow-up. Predictors of patients with
HBsAg loss include low BL HBV DNA levels (OR: 0.342, p < 0.001) and
low HBsAg levels (OR: 0.445, p < 0.001) at the time of withdrawal.
N = 660
Median Age, y (range) 37 (18-69)
Male, n (%) 449 (68)
Asian, n (%) 435 (67)
Genotype, n (%) A 72 (11)
B 161 (24)
C 243 (37)
D 171 (26)
Median BL ALT, U/L (Q1, Q3) 84 (56, 132)
Median BL HBV DNA, log10 IU/ml (Q1, Q3) 7 (5.6, 8)
Median BL HBsAg, log10 IU/ml (Q1, Q3) 3.9 (3.4, 4.4)
Treatment n (%) NUC 275 (42)
Peg IFN 161 (24)
NUC + Peg IFN 324 (49)
Mean TFFU Duration, weeks (SD) 33.7 (37.29)
Median BL ALT at treatment withdrawal,U, L (Q1, Q3) 32 (23, 48)
Median BL HBV DNA at treatment withdrawal, log10 IU/ml (Q1, Q3) 1.30 (1.15, 1.52)
Median BL HBsAg at treatment withdrawal, log10 IU/ml (Q1, Q3) 3.47 (2.83, 3.97)
HBeAg positive at treatment withdrawal, n (%) 251 (38)
Conclusion: Treatment discontinuation results in the majority of
patients having recurrence of HBV viremia with low rates of HBsAg
loss or maintenance of inactive carrier state. Predicting outcomes in a
diverse population will be required for safe and effective treatment
discontinuation.
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