坚持“健康饮食指数”饮食可以降低肝癌风险

StephenW

Adherence to ‘Healthy Eating Index’ diet may reduce liver cancer risk

Ma Y, et al. Hepatol. 2018;doi:10.1002/hep.30363.
December 17, 2018

Adherence to the Alternative Healthy Eating Index2010 dietary pattern may reduce the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, according to a study published in Hepatology.

“Diets are complex combinations of nutrients and other compounds that act synergistically within individual foods and across food combinations, thus, evaluating the association of dietary pattern with health outcomes may capture dietary effects on health more completely,” Xuehong Zhang, MD, from Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues wrote.


To evaluate the effect of dietary patterns on the risk for HCC, Zhang and colleagues compared patient data from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study cohort with three commonly used dietary pattern indices: The Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH).

In general, patients with higher scores on the AHEI-2010, AMED and DASH consumed less red and processed meats, total fat and trans fat, and had higher intakes of vegetable, fruits, whole grains, dietary fiber, nuts and legumes, total folate, long-chain (n-3) fatty acids, and total vitamin D than those with lower scores.

During up to 32 years of follow-up, the researchers documented 160 incident cases of HCC.

“Worldwide, liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death,” the researchers wrote. “Clearly, identification of novel risk factors, particularly those that are modifiable, is urgently needed.”

Patients in the highest tertile of AHEI-2010 scores demonstrated a significant correlation with a lower risk for HCC compared with patients in the lowest tertile (HR = 0.61;95% CI, 0.39-0.95).

While the AMED dietary pattern index had a weaker, non-significant correlation with HCC risk, the researchers observed no link between DASH scores and HCC risk.

After further examining the major components of AHEI-2010, Zhang and colleagues found that light alcohol drinking (HR = 0.9; 95% CI, 0.84-0.96), nut and legume consumption (HR = 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85-0.99), and polyunsaturated fatty acids intake (HR = 0.84; 95% CI, 075-0.95) correlated significantly with a lower risk for HCC.

“The mechanisms underlying the observed inverse associations between healthy dietary patterns and the risk of incident HCC are poorly understood. Diet may play an important etiological role in the development of insulin resistance, inflammation, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), important predisposing factors for HCC,” Zhang and colleagues concluded. “Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings in other racial/ethnical populations, to examine associations with other dietary quality scores, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.” – by Talitha Bennett

Disclosure: The authors report no relevant financial disclosures.

StephenW

坚持“健康饮食指数”饮食可以降低患肝癌的风险

Ma Y，et al。肝病。 2018; DOI：10.1002 / hep.30363。
2018年12月17日

根据Hepatology发表的一项研究，坚持2010年膳食膳食指数饮食可以降低患肝细胞癌的风险。

“饮食是营养素和其他化合物的复杂组合，可在个别食物和食物组合中协同作用。因此，评估饮食模式与健康结果之间的关联可以更充分地捕捉饮食对健康的影响，“马萨诸塞州医学博士张学红说。 。医院和同事写道。


为了评估饮食模式对HCC风险的影响，Zhang和同事将健康专业随访研究队列的患者数据与三种常用的饮食模型指数进行了比较：替代健康饮食指数 -  2010（AHEI-2010），取代地中海饮食（AMED）和抑制高血压的饮食方法（DASH）。

一般来说，AHEEI-2010，AMED和DASH评分较高的患者消耗较少的红肉和加工肉类，总脂肪和反式脂肪，并消耗蔬菜，水果，全谷物，膳食纤维，坚果和豆类。酸含量总叶酸含量较高。具有长链（n-3）脂肪酸和总维生素D比率的那些较低。

在32年的随访期间，研究人员记录了160例HCC事件。

研究人员写道：“世界癌症是第六大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。” “显然，迫切需要确定新的风险因素，特别是那些可以改变的风险因素。”

与最低三分位数相比，AHEI-2010得分最高三分位数的患者与HCC风险显着相关（HR = 0.61; 95％CI，0.39-0.95）。

尽管AMED饮食模型指数与HCC风险之间没有显着相关性，但研究人员发现DASH评分与HCC风险之间无相关性。

在进一步检查AHEI-2010的主要成分后，Zhang及其同事发现饮用温和酒精（HR = 0.9; 95％CI，0.84-0.96），坚果和豆类消费（HR = 0.92; 95％CI，0.85-0.99） ））和多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量（HR = 0.84; 95％CI，075-0.95）与HCC风险降低显着相关。

“观察健康饮食模式与HCC事件风险之间反向关联的机制尚不清楚。饮食可能在胰岛素抵抗，炎症和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的发展中起重要作用，这是一个重要的易感因素，“张和同事总结道。”未来的研究需要证实我们在其他种族群体中发现在协会/种族人口，支票和其他饮食质量评分，并澄清潜在的机制。“ - 作者：Talitha Bennett

披露：作者的报告没有相关的财务披露。