获得乙型肝炎病毒感染治疗 - 全球，2016年。

StephenW

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Jul 20;67(28):773-777. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6728a2.
Access to Treatment for Hepatitis B Virus Infection - Worldwide, 2016.
Hutin Y, Nasrullah M, Easterbrook P, Nguimfack BD, Burrone E, Averhoff F, Bulterys M.
Abstract

Worldwide, an estimated 257 million persons are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (1). To achieve the World Health Organization (WHO) goals for elimination of HBV infection worldwide by 2030, defined by WHO as 90% reduction in incidence and 65% reduction in mortality, access to treatment will be crucial. WHO estimated the care cascade* for HBV infection, globally and by WHO Region. The patent and licensing status of entecavir and tenofovir, two WHO-recommended medicines for HBV treatment, were examined using the Medicines Patent Pool MedsPaL† database. The international price of tenofovir was estimated using WHO's global price reporting mechanism (GPRM), and for entecavir from a published study (2). In 2016, among the estimated 257 million persons infected with HBV worldwide, approximately 27 million (10.5%) were aware of their infection, an estimated 4.5 million (16.7%) of whom were on treatment. In 2017, all low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) could legally procure generic entecavir, and all but two LMICs could legally procure generic tenofovir. The median price of WHO-prequalified generic tenofovir on the international market fell from $208 per year in 2004 to $32 per year in 2016. In 2015, the lowest reported price of entecavir was $427 per year of treatment (2). Increased availability of generic antivirals effective in treating chronic HBV infection has likely improved access to treatment. Taking advantage of reductions in price of antivirals active against HBV infection could further increase access to treatment. Regular analysis of the hepatitis B treatment care cascade can assist in monitoring progress toward HBV elimination goals.

PMID:
    30025413
DOI:
    10.15585/mmwr.mm6728a2

StephenW

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep。2018年7月20日; 67（28）：773-777。 doi：10.15585 / mmwr.mm6728a2。
获得乙型肝炎病毒感染治疗 - 全球，2016年。
Hutin Y，Nasrullah M，Easterbrook P，Nguimfack BD，Burrone E，Averhoff F，Bulterys M.
抽象

全世界估计有2.57亿人患有慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染（1）。为实现世界卫生组织（WHO）到2030年全球消除HBV感染的目标，世界卫生组织将其定义为发病率降低90％，死亡率降低65％，获得治疗至关重要。世界卫生组织估计全球和世卫组织区域的HBV感染护理级联*。世界卫生组织推荐的两种用于HBV治疗的药物恩替卡韦和替诺福韦的专利和许可状态均使用Medicines专利池MedsPaL†数据库进行检查。替诺福韦的国际价格使用世界卫生组织的全球价格报告机制（GPRM）估算，而恩替卡韦则根据已发表的研究报告（2）。 2016年，在全球估计有2.57亿感染HBV的人中，约有2700万人（10.5％）意识到他们的感染，估计有450万人（16.7％）接受了治疗。 2017年，所有低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）都可以合法采购通用恩替卡韦，除了两个中低收入国家外，所有国家都可以合法采购通用替诺福韦。世卫组织资格预审的通用替诺福韦在国际市场上的中位数价格从2004年的每年208美元降至2016年的每年32美元。2015年，恩替卡韦的最低报告价格为每年治疗427美元（2）。增加有效治疗慢性HBV感染的通用抗病毒药物的可用性可能会改善治疗的可及性。利用降低抗HBV感染的抗病毒药物的价格可以进一步增加治疗的可及性。定期分析乙型肝炎治疗护理级联可以帮助监测乙型肝炎病毒消除目标的进展情况。

结论：
    30025413
DOI：
    10.15585 / mmwr.mm6728a2