肝细胞癌的免疫学

StephenW

The immunology of hepatocellular carcinoma

    Marc Ringelhan, Dominik Pfister, Tracy O’Connor, Eli Pikarsky & Mathias Heikenwalder

    Nature Immunologyvolume 19, pages222–232 (2018)
    doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0044-z
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Received:
    06 August 2017
Accepted:
    29 November 2017
Published online:
    29 January 2018

Abstract

In contrast to most other malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for approximately 90% of primary liver cancers, arises almost exclusively in the setting of chronic inflammation. Irrespective of etiology, a typical sequence of chronic necroinflammation, compensatory liver regeneration, induction of liver fibrosis and subsequent cirrhosis often precedes hepatocarcinogenesis. The liver is a central immunomodulator that ensures organ and systemic protection while maintaining immunotolerance. Deregulation of this tightly controlled liver immunological network is a hallmark of chronic liver disease and HCC. Notably, immunotherapies have raised hope for the successful treatment of advanced HCC. Here we summarize the roles of specific immune cell subsets in chronic liver disease, with a focus on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and HCC. We review new advances in immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of HCC and discuss the challenges posed by the immunotolerant hepatic environment and the dual roles of adaptive and innate immune cells in HCC.

StephenW

肝细胞癌的免疫学

    Marc Ringelhan，Dominik Pfister，Tracy O'Connor，Eli Pikarsky＆Mathias Heikenwalder

    Nature Immunologyvolume 19，第222-232页（2018）
    DOI：10.1038 / s41590-018-0044-Z
    下载引文

收稿日期：
    2017年8月6日
公认：
    2017年11月29日
在线发布：
    2018年1月29日

抽象

与大多数其他恶性肿瘤相反，占原发性肝癌约90％的肝细胞癌（HCC）几乎完全出现在慢性炎症的环境中。无论病因如何，典型的慢性坏死性炎症，代偿性肝再生，肝纤维化诱发和随后的肝硬化常常发生在肝癌发生之前。肝脏是一种中枢免疫调节剂，可确保器官和全身保护，同时保持免疫耐受。这种严格控制的肝脏免疫网络的失调是慢性肝病和HCC的标志。值得注意的是，免疫疗法为晚期HCC的成功治疗带来了希望。在此我们总结慢性肝病中特定免疫细胞亚群的作用，重点关注非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和HCC。我们回顾了用于治疗HCC的免疫治疗方法的新进展，并讨论了免疫耐受性肝脏环境所带来的挑战以及适应性和先天性免疫细胞在HCC中的双重作用。