近一半的中国癌症死亡归因于潜在的可改变的危险因素

StephenW

Science News
from research organizations
Nearly half of China cancer deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors

Date:
    July 6, 2017
Source:
    American Cancer Society
Summary:
    More than half of all cancer deaths in men in 2013 in China and more than a third of those in women were attributable to a group of potentially modifiable risk factors.
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A new report finds more than half of all cancer deaths in men in 2013 in China and more than a third of those in women were attributable to a group of potentially modifiable risk factors: smoking, alcohol, nutrition, weight, physical activity, and infections. The study appears in Annals of Oncology, and concludes that effective public health interventions to eliminate or reduce exposure from these risk factors can have considerable impact on reducing the cancer burden in China.

Cancer is the leading cause of death in China, with 4.3 million new cancer cases and 2.8 million cancer deaths estimated to occur each year. That burden is expected to increase in the coming decades because of aging of the population as well as changes in lifestyle that increase cancer risk, such as excessive calorie intake and physical inactivity.

To investigate further, a multi-agency team of researchers led by Farhad Islami, M.D., Ph.D. of the American Cancer Society estimated the number and proportion of cancer deaths and cases attributable to ever-smoking, second-hand smoking, alcohol drinking, low fruit/vegetable intake, excess body weight, physical inactivity, and infections in China, using contemporary data from nationally representative surveys and cancer registries. Other investigators were from the National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia, the University of Sydney, Emory University, and Imperial College London.

They found 717,910 (52%) cancer deaths in men and 283,130 (35%) in women in 2013 in China were attributable to the risk factors considered in the analysis. The corresponding numbers for cancer cases were 952,520 (47%) in men and 442,650 (28%) in women. Among both sexes combined, nearly one million (approximately 996,000) or almost half of all cancer deaths and 1,388,800, or 39% of all cancer cases in China in 2013 were attributable to the studied risk factors.

"Our analysis likely underestimates the number of cancers attributable to modifiable risk factors because we were not able to include all potentially modifiable risk factors, notably indoor air pollution from using coal for cooking and heating, which is a major risk factor for lung cancer in women in China," said Dr. Islami.

By risk factor, the greatest attributable proportions of cancer deaths in men were for ever-smoking (26%), hepatitis B (HBV) infection (12%), and low fruit/vegetable intake (7%). In women, HBV infection (7%), low fruit/vegetable intake (6%), and second-hand smoke exposure (5%) were the largest contributors.

They conclude: "Our findings reinforce the need for broad implementation of known interventions and the development of new strategies to reduce exposures to established (smoking and carcinogenic infections) and emerging (alcohol drinking, excess body weight, and physical inactivity) risk factors in the country."

Story Source:

Materials provided by American Cancer Society. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

    F. Islami, W. Chen, X. Q. Yu, J. Lortet-Tieulent, R. Zheng, W. D. Flanders, C. Xia, M. J. Thun, S. M. Gapstur, M. Ezzati, A. Jemal. Cancer deaths and cases attributable to lifestyle factors and infections in China, 2013. Annals of Oncology, 2017; DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx342

StephenW

科学新闻
来自研究机构
近一半的中国癌症死亡归因于潜在的可改变的危险因素

日期：
    2017年7月6日
资源：
    美国癌症学会
概要：
    2013年在中国的男性癌症死亡人数中，有超过一半是女性的三分之一以上，这归因于一组潜在的可能的危险因素。
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一份新的报告发现，2013年中国男性癌症死亡人数中有一半以上，其中三分之一以上的女性归因于一组潜在的可能的风险因素：吸烟，酒精，营养，体重，身体活动和感染。该研究出现在“肿瘤年鉴”中，并得出结论，消除或减少这些危险因素暴露的有效的公共卫生干预措施可以对减少中国的癌症负担产生重大影响。

癌症是中国的主要死亡原因，每年估计发生430万例新发癌症病例和280万例癌症死亡病例。由于人口老龄化以及增加癌症风险的生活方式的变化，例如过量的卡路里摄入量和身体不活动，今后几十年的负担预计会增加。

进一步调查，由Farhad Islami，M.D.，Ph.D.领导的多机构研究团队。的美国癌症协会估计，使用当代数据估计中国吸烟，二手吸烟，酒精饮酒，低水果/蔬菜摄入量，体重过多，身体不活动和感染引起的癌症死亡人数和病例数量和比例来自全国代表性调查和癌症登记。其他调查人员来自中国医学科学院北京协和医学院癌症研究所，癌症委员会新南威尔士州悉尼，澳大利亚悉尼，悉尼大学，埃默里大学，伦敦帝国学院等。

他们发现，2013年中国男性癌症死亡人数为77179人（52％），妇女死亡人数为283,130人（35％），归因于分析中考虑的风险因素。癌症病例相应数字为男性952,520人（47％），女性为442,650人（28％）。两性相结合，2013年全国癌症死亡人数近一百万人（约99.6万人），也就是近一半的癌症死亡人数和13.88万人（占所有癌症病例的39％），归因于研究的危险因素。

“我们的分析可能低估了归因于可改变风险因素的癌症数量，因为我们不能包括所有潜在可能的风险因素，特别是室内空气污染使用煤炭进行烹饪和取暖，这是妇女肺癌的主要危险因素在中国，“伊斯兰教说。

根据危险因素，男性癌症死亡人数最多的是吸烟（26％），乙型肝炎（HBV）感染（12％）和低水果/蔬菜摄入量（7％）。在妇女中，HBV感染（7％），低水果/蔬菜摄入量（6％）和二手烟暴露（5％）是最大的贡献者。

他们得出结论：“我们的研究结果加强了广泛实施已知干预措施和制定新战略的必要性，以减少已建立（吸烟和致癌感染）和新兴（酒精饮酒，体重过多和身体不活动）风险因素的风险。国家。”

资料来源：

美国癌症协会提供的材料。注意：可以根据样式和长度编辑内容。

期刊参考：

    F. Islami，W. Chen，X. Q. Yu，J. Lortet-Tieulent，R. Zheng，W.D.Flanders，C. Xia，M.J.Tun，S.M.Gapstur，M.Ezzati，A.Jemal。癌症死亡和归因于中国生活方式因素和感染的病例，2013年。肿瘤学杂志，2017年; DOI：10.1093 / annonc / mdx342