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PS-043
DARING-B: discontinuation of effective entecavir or tenofovir
therapy in non-cirrhotic HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B
patients: a prospective Greek study
G. Papatheodoridis1, E. Rigopoulou2, M. Papatheodoridi1, K. Zachou2,
V. Xourafas1, N. Gatselis2, J. Vlachogiannakos1, G. Dalekos2.
1Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and
Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens;
2Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine,
Thessaly University Medical School, Larissa, Greece
E-mail: [email protected]
Background and Aims: The safety of discontinuation of oral agents in
chronic hepatits B (CHBe-) has been debatable, while off-treatment
remission rates vary widely among studies using variable relapse
definitions and/or retreatment criteria. This prospective study
carefully assessed the off-treatment remission and retreatment
rates in non-cirrhotic CHBe- patients with long-term virological
remission under entecavir (ETV)/tenofovir (TDF).
Methods: Over 4 months, 60 patients (M/F:39/21, age: 59 ± 11 years)
with CHBe- and no cirrhosis before therapy (Ishak-stage ≤4 and/or
elastographic stiffness <10 kPa), who had received ETV/TDF for ≥4
years and had undetectable HBVDNA for ≥3 years consented to
participate. None had any coinfection, HCC or liver transplantation.
All agreed to remain under close follow-up (monthly for first 3
months and every 2/3 months thereafter for cases with detectable/
undetectable HBVDNA). Prompt ETV/TDF retreatment was mandatory
in cases with ALT > 10 × ULN, ALT > 5 × ULN & bilirubin >2 mg/dl,
or ALT > 3 × ULN and HBVDNA > 100,000 IU/ml. ETV/TDF was also
initiated in cases with ALT > ULN & HBVDNA > 2,000 IU/ml on 3
sequential occasions.
Results: The mean duration of on-therapy (ETV:18, TDF:42)
virological remission was 5.6 ± 2.3 years. The median duration of
follow-up (until retreatment in retreated cases) after stopping
ETV/TDF has been 7 months. No patient died or developed jaundice,
decompensation, HCC or any serious adverse event. Four (7%)
developed ALT > 10 × ULN and another 10 (17%) ALT > 5 × ULN. The
cumulative relapse rates at 1,2,3,6 and 9 months after stopping ETV/
TDF based on various HBVDNA ± ALT elevations are shown in Table 1.
Cumulative rates of retreatment were 0%, 15%, 18%, 24%, 26% at 1, 2, 3,
6, 9 months after ETV/TDF cessation. The probability of retreatment
was not affected by age, sex, pretreatment ALT or HBVDNA, but it was
significantly higher in patients with more advanced pretreatment
fibrosis (Ishak stage >3 and/or stiffness >9 kPa) (RH:4.3, 95% CI:1.5–
12.4; p = 0.008).
HBV DNA,
IU/mL >200 >2,000 >20,000
ALT
Any Any > ULN > 2 x ULN Any > ULN
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
Month 1 35 25 2 2 10 2
Month 2 58 50 30 22 23 17
Month 3 63 53 33 23 23 18
Month 6 74 62 37 29 29 24
Month 9 74 62 37 29 35 24
Conclusions: Our prospective study shows that effective long-term
(≥4-year) ETV/TDF therapy may be safely discontinued in noncirrhotic
CHBe-patients. Despite the common virological relapses,
the majority of patients, particularly those with mild to moderate
pretreatment fibrosis, can remain without treatment, at least in the
short-term. The probability of relapse seems to be decreasing after
month 6.
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