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414
Coffee & herbal tea consumption is protective of liver
stiffness in the general population: The Rotterdam Study
Louise J. Alferink1, Juliana Fittipaldi1,2, Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong2,4,
Josje Schoufour2, Pavel Taimr1, Mohammad A. Ikram2,5, Herold J.
Metselaar1, Harry L. Janssen1,3, Oscar H. Franco Duran2, Sarwa
Darwish Murad1; 1Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus
Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; 2Epidemiology, Erasmus
Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; 3Liver Centre, Toronto
Western & General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto,
ON, Canada; 4Leiden University College, The Hague, Netherlands;
5Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Tea and coffee are the most consumed beverages worldwide
and share common substances, such as polyphenols and caffeine.
Both substances have been proposed to exhibit beneficial
effects on liver health. Several studies suggest that coffee
prevents liver cirrhosis, but it is unknown if this is also true for
fibrosis development in the general population. Therefore, our
aim is to study the effect of coffee and tea consumption on liver
fibrosis, assessed by transient elastography (TE), in a large
well-characterized population study. The Rotterdam Study is an
ongoing prospective population-based cohort study, involving
healthy inhabitants of a suburb in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
From 2009 onwards, all participants aged≥45 underwent TE
and completed a validated 389-item food frequency questionnaire.
Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to
study the association between coffee and tea consumption
and liver stiffness measurements (LSM). Clinically relevant
fibrosis was defined as LSM≥8.0kPa and secondary causes
of increased LSM were excluded. Coffee and tea consumption
were categorized into no, low (≤2), or high (≥3) intake in
cups/day. Tea was further specified into subtypes of green,
black and herbal tea (categorized as no or any). Data were
available for 2424 participants (age 66.5±7.4; 43.8% male)
of whom 125 had LSM≥8.0kPa (5.2%). Overall, 93.2% and
84.7% of the individuals consumed coffee and tea, respectively.
Proportion of LSM≥8.0kPa decreased with increasing
coffee intake (7.8%, 6.9% and 4.1% for no, low and high
coffee consumption resp.; Ptrend=0.006). This inverse relation
between coffee intake and LSM≥8.0kPa was confirmed in
regression analyses even after adjustment for total energy, age,
sex, BMI, insulin resistance, ALT, steatosis, smoking, alcohol,
milk and sugar use (ORlow=0.76 CI 0.37-1.54; ORhigh=0.40
CI 0.20-0.81; Ptrend=0.003). Overall tea consumption was not
associated with LSM. Herbal tea consumers (36.3%) had lower
liver stiffness in multivariate linear regression (βeta=-0.042
CI-0.069;-0.015, P=0.003) and less frequently LSM≥8kPa
(5.9% vs. 3.9%, no and any consumers resp.; P=0.035). High
coffee consumption appears protective of liver stiffness even in
individuals with no known liver disease. Interestingly, in this
first study to correlate herbal tea and liver health, herbal tea
is independently associated with lower LSM. Unlike coffee,
herbal tea does not contain caffeine, which leaves room for
thought whether the anti-fibrotic effects can be ascribed to polyphenols.
Studies enlightening underlying mechanisms between
coffee, herbal tea and LSM are needed to develop preventative
and therapeutic strategies for a healthy liver.
Disclosures:
Harry L. Janssen - Consulting: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, Gilead Sciences,
Innogenetics, Merck, Medtronic, Novartis, Roche, Janssen, Medimmune,
ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Tekmira; Grant/Research Support: AbbVie, Bristol Myers
Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Innogenetics, Merck, Medtronic, Novartis, Roche,
Janssen, Medimmune
Oscar H. Franco Duran - Grant/Research Support: Metagenics
The following people have nothing to disclose: Louise J. Alferink, Juliana Fittipaldi,
Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong, Josje Schoufour, Pavel Taimr, Mohammad A.
Ikram, Herold J. Metselaar, Sarwa Darwish Murad
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