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Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jul 3. doi: 10.1111/apt.13707. [Epub ahead of print]
Long-term lamivudine therapy in chronic hepatitis B.Lingala S1, Lau DT2, Koh C1, Auh S3, Ghany MG1, Hoofnagle JH1.
Author information
- 1Liver Diseases Branch, Intramural Division, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
- 2Beth Israel-Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- 3NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
AbstractBACKGROUND: One to 5 years of therapy of chronic hepatitis B with oral nucleoside analogues result in significant clinical improvements, but effects of more prolonged therapy are not well defined.
AIM: To describe outcomes of chronic hepatitis B with long-term lamivudine therapy.
METHODS: Forty-two patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with lamivudine were followed for 3.2-19.5 (median = 16.1) years. Therapy was switched to other agents (n = 16) if patients developed lamivudine resistance and relapse of disease.
RESULTS: Among 22 HBeAg-positive patients, 17 (77%) became HBeAg negative, of whom 5 (23%) subsequently cleared HBsAg. Among 20 HBeAg-negative patients, 10 (50%) cleared HBsAg. The time to HBsAg clearance ranged from 0.9 to 16.8 (median = 9.3) years. Lamivudine resistance arose in 24 patients (57%) of whom 6 (25%) lost HBsAg. HBsAg clearance was not always accompanied by seroconversion; anti-HBs appearing concurrently in only five patients (33%). Nevertheless, HBsAg loss allowed for stopping therapy in all patients, none re-developing HBsAg or suffering relapse; all having normal alanine aminotransferase levels and no (n = 13) or unquantifiable HBV DNA levels (n = 2) when last seen. In contrast, seven of 27 patients (26%) who remained HBsAg-positive died of liver disease or liver cancer or underwent liver transplantation, all of whom had cirrhosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Long-term viral suppression with nucleoside analogues leads to HBsAg loss in a substantial proportion of patients, particularly if HBeAg-negative. Serious outcomes during the first 10-20 years of treatment occur largely among patients with pre-existing cirrhosis who do not clear HBsAg with therapy.
© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PMID:27375283DOI:10.1111/apt.13707
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