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Original Article
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
November 2015, Volume 60, Issue 11, pp 3465-3472
First online: 03 July 2015
Durability of Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconversion in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated with Entecavir or Tenofovir
Authors
Tse-Ling Fong [email protected] (1) (2)
Andy Tien (1)
Kahee J. Jo (3)
Danny Chu (4)
Eddie Cheung (5) (6)
Edward A. Mena (7)
Quang-Quoc Phan (8)
Andy S. Yu (9)
Wafa Mohammed (1)
Andrew Velasco (1)
Vinh-Huy LeDuc (1)
Nickolas Nguyen (1)
Steven-Bui Han (10)
Mimi Chang (1)
Ho S. Bae (1)
Yong-Won Cho (1)
Myron J. Tong (7)
Stewart L. Cooper (3)
1. Asian Pacific Liver Center, Saint Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
2. Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1510 San Pablo Street, 2/F, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
3. Liver Disease and Transplant Program, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
4. Private Practice, New York, NY, USA
5. Division of Gastroenterology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
6. Private Practice, Oakland, CA, USA
7. Liver Center, Huntington Research Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
8. Private Practice, Fountain Valley, CA, USA
9. Private Practice, San Jose, CA, USA
10. Division of Gastroenterology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Abstract
Introduction
Loss of HBeAg and development of anti-HBe (seroconversion) is seen as a milestone and endpoint in the treatment of HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Among patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NA), recurrent viremia is common after discontinuation of therapy. Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir (TDF) are highly potent NA. The durability of virological response and HBeAg seroconversion in patients treated with these agents is not well studied.
Methods
We retrospectively studied the outcomes of 54 HBeAg-positive CHB patients who were treated with either ETV (n = 30) or TDF (23) or both (n = 1) that achieved virological response and underwent seroconversion and consolidation therapy before cessation of treatment.
Results
Only 4 (7 %) patients had sustained virological, serological, and biochemical remission. Thirteen patients (24 %) continued to have HBV DNA levels below 2000 IU/mL and normal alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT). Thirty-seven patients (69 %) developed HBV DNA >2000 IU/mL, with 20 having elevated ALT. Among these 37 patients, 23 (62 %) remained HBeAg negative/anti-HBe positive, 12 (32 %) became HBeAg positive, and 2 (5 %) were HBeAg and anti-HBe negative. Duration of consolidation therapy did not correlate with low versus high level of virological relapse.
Conclusions
Durability of HBeAg seroconversion associated with ETV or TDF was not superior to that reported in patients treated with less potent NA. Our results, aggregated with others, suggest HBeAg seroconversion should not be considered as a treatment endpoint for most HBeAg-positive patients treated with NA. Future updates of treatment guidelines should reconsider HBeAg seroconversion as an endpoint to therapy.
Keywords
Remission Relapse Seroreversion
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