细胞标志物使预后有关感染过程

StephenW

Public Release: 1-Oct-2015
Cell marker enables prognosis about the course of infections

Researchers identify new molecular marker for killer cells

Technical University of Munich (TUM)

This news release is available in German.

When a pathogen invades the body, specific cells in the human immune system are ready to take immediate action in order to destroy it. The molecular characteristics of these killer cells were unknown until recently. Now, for the first time, a team from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has managed to create a molecular profile of the protective cells. By studying these immune cells from patients' blood, the researchers were able to predict the course of infections.

The immune system defends us against pathogens and cancer cells. As it does so, it forms immune cells that attack and kill infected cells or cancer cells in a very targeted way, typical of the action of pathogens. This is why they are also known as killer cells. Until now, in the event of infection, it was difficult to predict how many of these killer cells would be active, and therefore how effectively the body could fight the disease.

Characteristic markers for killer cells

"Assessing a patient's ability to control an infection has always been a protracted process, because there were no markers to reliably label killer cells - the real 'task force' of the immune system," explains Prof. Percy Knolle, head of the Institute for Molecular Immunology & Experimental Oncology at TUM University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar. "Yet this type of prediction is extremely important for selecting a suitable course of treatment."

Percy Knolle and his team have now managed to identify a marker for killer cells for the first time. Their findings have been published in the journal Nature Communications. The scientists found a molecule - the CX3CR1 receptor - occurring only on the surface of these killer cells. They first demonstrated this in infection models with mice, and then verified their findings in a human patient study.

Fewer killer cells in chronic infections

In some patients, viral infections such as Hepatitis B can become chronic i.e. a certain amount of the virus remains permanently in the body. The immune system cannot control the infection and the disease is not completely cured. The scientists asked themselves whether the reason for this could lie with the killer cells. To find out, they used their newly discovered marker.

They launched a patient study with participants who had chronic hepatitis infections and discovered that these patients had only a very small number of killer cells targeting the hepatitis viruses. By contrast, the patients had developed many killer cells against other viral infections that they had overcome during the course of their lives. "It appears that the lack of specific killer cells is the reason why some infections become chronic and the patients are unable to effectively kill off the viruses," explains the scientist.

Percy Knolle sees great potential in the results: "The new marker will make predictions about the course of infections much faster and more precise. All we need to do is take blood from the patient and identify the number of killer cells using the new marker." This would allow suitable treatment to be initiated at an early stage, he explains.

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Publication

Jan P. Böttcher, Marc Beyer, Felix Meissner, Zeinab Abdullah, Jil Sander, Bastian Höchst, Sarah Eickhoff, Jan C. Rieckmann, Caroline Russo, Tanja Bauer, Tobias Flecken, Dominik Giesen, Daniel Engel, Steffen Jung, Dirk H. Busch, Ulrike Protzer, Robert Thimme, Matthias Mann, Christian Kurts, Joachim L. Schultze, Wolfgang Kastenmüller and Percy A. Knolle, Functional classification of memory CD8+T cells by CX3CR1 expression, Nature Communications, September 2015.
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9306
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/150925/ncomms9306/abs/ncomms9306.html

Contact

Prof. Dr. Percy Knolle
Institute for Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM)
Tel.: +49 (0)89 4140 6921
[email protected]
http://www.imi-muenchen.de

StephenW

公开发布：1 - 10月，2015年
细胞标志物使预后有关感染过程

研究人员发现新的分子标志物的杀伤细胞

慕尼黑工业大学（TUM）

本新闻稿可在德国。

当病原体侵入人体，特定的细胞在人体的免疫系统已经准备好立即采取行动，以摧毁它。这些杀伤细胞的分子特性是未知的，直到最近。现在，第一次，从慕尼黑工业大学（TUM）团队已经成功地创造了保护细胞的分子谱。通过研究，从病人的血液中，这些免疫细胞，研究人员能够预测感染过程。

免疫系统捍卫我们免受病原体和癌细胞。至于它这样做，它形成的免疫细胞攻击并杀死被感染的细胞或癌细胞在一个非常有针对性的方式，典型病原体的作用。这就是为什么它们也被称为杀伤细胞。到现在为止，在感染的情况下，很难预测有多少这些杀伤细胞将是活动的，并且因此如何有效的机构可以对抗疾病。

特征标记杀伤细胞

“评估病人的以控制感染的能力一直是一个长期的过程，因为没有标记，以可靠地标记杀伤细胞 - 免疫系统的真正的”工作队“，”解释教授珀西Knolle，该研究所的负责人分子免疫学与肿瘤学实验在慕尼黑工业大学附属医院KLINIKUM rechts伊萨尔河畔。 “然而，这种类型的预测是选择治疗的合适的课程非常重要的。”

现在珀西Knolle和他的团队已经成功地识别标记杀伤细胞的第一次。他们的研究结果已发表在Nature杂志上通信。科学家发现一种分子 - 的CX3CR1受体 - 只有这些杀手细胞的表面上发生。他们首先证明了这种感染模型小鼠，然后在人类患者的研究证实了他们的发现。

更少的杀伤细胞在慢性感染

在一些患者中，病毒感染如乙型肝炎可以变成慢性即一定量的病毒在体内永久保持。免疫系统无法控制感染和疾病没有完全固化。科学家们问过自己这样做的原因是否可能在于杀伤细胞。为了找到答案，他们用他们的新发现的标记。

他们推出了一个病人的研究参与者谁了慢性肝炎感染，发现这些患者只有极少数针对肝炎病毒杀伤细胞。相比之下，患者制定了很多杀伤细胞对他们自己的生活的过程中，克服了其他病毒感染。 “看来，缺乏特异性的杀伤细胞也就是为什么一些感染转为慢性的原因和患者无法有效地杀死病毒，”解释了科学家。

珀西Knolle看到了结果的巨大潜力：“新的标志将做出感染过程的预测更快，更精确的所有我们需要做的是采取血液从患者和使用新的标志物识别杀伤细胞的数量。 “这将允许适当的治疗，在早期阶段开始，他解释说。

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出版

扬P.博星，马克·拜尔，费利克斯·迈斯纳，泽纳布阿卜杜拉，Jil Sander的，巴斯蒂安赫希斯特，莎拉艾克福，扬C. Rieckmann，卡罗琳俄，塔尼娅·鲍尔，托比亚斯Flecken，多米尼克·吉森，丹尼尔·恩格尔，斯特芬·荣格，德克·H·布希，乌尔里克Protzer，罗伯特Thimme，马蒂亚斯·曼，基督教Kurts，约阿希姆L.舒尔茨，沃尔夫冈Kastenmüller和珀西A. Knolle，记忆CD8 + T细胞的CX3CR1表达功能分类，自然通讯，2015年九月。
DOI：10.1038 / ncomms9306
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/201 ... abs/ncomms9306.html

联系

教授珀西Knolle博士
研究所分子免疫学与实验肿瘤学
KLINIKUM rechts伊萨尔河畔，慕尼黑工业大学（TUM）
电话：+49（0）89 4140 6921
[email protected]
http://www.imi-muenchen.de