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G04
ENGINEERED HBV-SPECIFIC T CELLS: DISENTANGLING
ANTIVIRAL FROM KILLING CAPACITY
S. Koh1, C.Y.L. Tham2, A.T. Tanoto2,A.Pavesi3, R.D. Kamm4,A. Bertoletti2.
1Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences A*STAR,
2Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School,
3Singapore MIT Alliance–SMART, Singapore, Singapore;
4Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, United States
E-mail: [email protected]
Background and Aims:
We have recently demonstrated that
adoptive transfer of engineered HBV-specific T cells in a patient
with HBsAg-productive HCC cause a profound inhbition of HBsAg
production (J Hepatology 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.10.001.). The
difficulty to disentangle the antiviral effect of HBV T cells from
their killing ability constitutes a barrier to the application of this
immunotherapeutic approach in chronic HBV patients. Therefore,
our aim was to produce HBV-specific T cells that can inhibit
virus replication without hepatotoxicity and analyzed the antiviral
mechanism mediated by these engineered T cells.
Methods:
Using messenger RNA electroporation of HBV-T cell
receptor in human lymphocytes, we produced HBV-specific T
cells characterized by different activation and maturation stages.
These distinct HBV-specific T cell populations were tested in 2
dimensional (2D) and 3D in vitro assays for their ability to inhibit
HBV replication and/or lyse target cells.
Results:
Among different engineered HBV-specific T cell
populations, we selected a perforin/granzymelow HBV-specific T
cells able to induce 50% drop in HBV viral load in HepG2.2.15
without causing detectable hepatotoxicity at an effector to target
ratio of 1:3 (both in 2D and 3D models). After HBV-specific
recognition, these resting naïve (CD28+CD27+) T cells produced
a large range of cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF and
lymphotoxin-alpha and -beta). Analysis of the specific antiviral
mechanisms indicated that a specific synergy between classical
antiviral cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF) and activator of lymphotoxin-b receptor (LT
bR) pathway mediate the antiviral but
non-cythopathic effect.
Conclusions:
It is possible to produce HBV-specific T cells able
to efficiently inhibit HBV replication without causing direct
hepatocytes killing. This represents an attractive cell population
for adoptive T cell therapy of chronic hepatitis B. The relative contribution of antiviral cytokines and/or LTbR activation to antiviral activity can lead to the development of new targeted
combinatorial therapy in HBV infection.
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