一夫一妻制的异性恋者之间的性别很少的丙型肝炎病毒感染

StephenW

Sex between monogamous heterosexuals rarely source of hepatitis C infection
                    

Individuals infected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have nothing to fear from sex in a monogamous, heterosexual relationship.

Transmission of HCV from an infected partner during sex is rare according to new research published in the March issue of Hepatology, a journal published by Wiley on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD).
Experts estimate that HCV affects up to 4 million Americans, most of whom are sexually active. Medical evidence shows HCV is primarily transmitted by exposure to infectious blood, typically through intravenous (IV) drug use. However, there are conflicting reports regarding sexual activity and HCV transmission with some studies suggesting that exposure to infected blood during sex—through bodily fluids such as vaginal secretions, semen or saliva—may carry a minimal infection risk.
“Generally the risk for transmitting HCV to sex partners is very low,” explains lead study author Dr. Norah Terrault with the University of California, San Francisco. “Yet, lack of quantitative data about the risk of HCV transmission with sexual activity remains a limitation for doctors counseling their patients on safe sex practices.”
To specifically quantify the risk HCV transmission from a chronically infected individual to their sex partner, researchers recruited 500 anti-HCV-positive individuals, who were negative for the human immunodeficiency (HIV), and their long-term heterosexual partners. Couples were surveyed about lifetime risk factors for HCV infection, sexual practices of the couple, and sharing of personal items. The team analyzed blood samples to determine the presence or absence of active virus in the blood and compared the HCV strains in those couples with HCV present.
The majority of HCV infected individuals who participated in the study were non-Hispanic whites, had a median age of 49 years, and sexual activity with their partners ranging from 2 to 52 years. HCV prevalence among partners was 4%, with 9 couples having similar viral strains and viral samples from 3 couples were highly related which is consistent with HCV transmission between the partners.
The maximum incidence rate of HCV transmission by sex was 0.07% per year or roughly 1 per 190,000 sexual contacts that researchers based upon 8377 person-years of follow-up. The team did not identify any specific sexual practices linked to HCV infections among the couples. “Our study provides clinicians with important information for counseling chronic HCV patients in long-term sexual relationships, supporting the current recommendations that couples not change their sexual practices if they are in a monogamous heterosexual relationship,” concludes Dr. Terrault.

Read more at http://scienceblog.com/61446/sex-between-monogamous-heterosexuals-rarely-source-of-hepatitis-c-infection/#0qM2C04zoXcCg2YL.99

StephenW

由丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染者有什么担心性，在一夫一妻制的异性恋关系。

根据新的研究发表在3月号的杂志，一本杂志由Wiley出版的美国肝病研究学会（AASLD）协会代表，从受感染的伴侣在做爱的丙型肝炎病毒的传播是罕见的。

据专家估计，丙型肝炎病毒影响到400万美国人，其中大部分是性活跃。医学证据显示，丙型肝炎病毒主要是通过暴露于传染性血液传播，通常是通过静脉注射（IV）药物的使用。不过，也有冲突的报告，关于性活动和丙型肝炎病毒感染的一些研究表明，暴露于感染者的血液在性交时通过体液，如阴道分泌物，精液或唾液可能携带感染的风险最小。

“一般情况下，传输HCV给性伴侣的风险是非常低的，解释说：”研究报告的主要作者，旧金山加州大学的的诺拉Terrault博士。 “然而，丙型肝炎病毒感染与性活动有关的风险的定量数据仍然缺乏对安全性行为辅导他们的病人对医生的限制。”

为了具体量化的风险丙型肝炎病毒感染的慢性感染的个人，他们的性伴侣，研究人员招募了500名抗-HCV阳性者，人类免疫缺陷（HIV）呈阴性，而其长期的异性伙伴。夫妇被调查约一生丙型肝炎病毒感染，性行为的夫妇，共用个人物品的危险因素。研究小组分析了血液样本，以确定存在或不存在活跃血液中的病毒和丙型肝炎病毒株与HCV目前的夫妻相比。

大多数HCV感染者参加了这项研究的非西班牙裔白人，年龄中位数49岁，性行为与他们的合作伙伴，从2至52年不等。合作伙伴之间的HCV感染率为4％，有9对夫妇有类似的病毒株，病毒样本由3对夫妇高度相关，与合作伙伴之间的丙型肝炎病毒感染是一致的。

性别一夫一妻制的异性恋者之间很少源C型肝炎infectionThe按性别划分的丙型肝炎病毒感染的发病率最高为0.07％，每年大约8377人 - 年的随访，研究人员根据每190,000性接触。该小组没有发现任何具体的性行为与丙型肝炎病毒感染之间的夫妻。 “总结：”我们的研究为临床医生提供辅导慢性丙型肝炎患者在长期的性关系，支持目前的建议，夫妻不改变自己的性行为，如果他们是一夫一妻制的异性恋关系中的重要信息，博士Terrault。
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