追踪B型肝炎病毒至16世纪的韩国木乃伊†‡

StephenW

Tracing hepatitis B virus to the 16th century in a Korean mummy†‡

    Gila Kahila Bar-Gal1,§,
    Myeung Ju Kim2,§,
    Athalia Klein3,
    Dong Hoon Shin4,¶,‖,*,
    Chang Seok Oh4,
    Jong Wan Kim5,
    Tae-Hyun Kim6,
    Seok Bae Kim7,
    Paul R. Grant8,
    Orit Pappo9,
    Mark Spigelman10,
    Daniel Shouval3,††,*

Article first published online: 14 OCT 2012

Abstract

A rare find of a mummified child from the 16th century AD, in Korea, with relatively preserved organs, enabled a search for ancient hepatitis B virus (aHBV) DNA sequences from laparoscopic-derived liver biopsies. Analysis of the complete aHBV genome (3,215 base pairs) revealed a unique HBV genotype C2 (HBV/C2) sequence commonly spread in Southeast Asia, which probably represents an HBV that infected the Joseon Dynasty population in Korea. Comparison of the aHBV sequences with contemporary HBV/C2 DNA sequences revealed distinctive differences along four open reading frames. Genetic diversity between contemporary and recovered aHBV/C2 DNA may be the result of immunologic, environmental, and/or pharmacologic pressures. The calculated time of most recent common ancestor suggests that the Korean HBV sequence origin dates back at least 3,000 years and possibly as long as 100,000 years. This isolate most likely represents the earliest human HBV sequence that colonized Southeast Asia by human migration. Conclusion: This study describes the complete sequence of the oldest HBV isolate and the most ancient full viral genome known so far. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;56:1671–1680)

StephenW

一个罕见的发现的木乃伊的孩子从公元16世纪，在韩国，相对保留的器官，使古老的B型肝炎病毒（aHBV）DNA序列腹腔镜源性肝活检的搜索。完整的aHBV基因组（3215个碱基对）的分析结果显示独特的HBV基因型C2（HBV/C2）序列通常分布在东南亚，这可能代表HBV感染在韩国的朝鲜王朝的人口。的aHBV序列与当代HBV/C2的DNA序列比较发现显着差异，以及4个开放阅读框。当代和恢复aHBV/C2 DNA的遗传多样性可能是免疫学，环境，和/或药物压力的结果。最近的共同祖先的计算时间，韩国HBV序列起源可追溯到至少3000年，也可能长达10万年。这种隔离最可能代表了人类最早的殖民东南亚的人类迁徙的HBV序列。结论：本研究描述了完整的最古老的乙肝病毒分离和迄今已知的最古老的完整的病毒基因组序列。 （肝病，2012，56:1671-1680）