Natural Killers Of Cancer: natural killer cells in liver transplant

StephenW

http://www.ivanhoe.com/channels/p_channelstory.cfm?storyid=26196
Reported February 25, 2011        
Natural Killers Of Cancer: Medical First! -- Research Summary
BACKGROUND: According to the Mayo Clinic, liver cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the world. However, liver cancer is uncommon in the United States. Most cancer that occurs in the liver in the United States begins in another area of the body such as the colon, breast, or lung. Doctors call this metastatic cancer, rather than primary liver cancer. This type of cancer is named after the organ in which it began. According to the National Cancer Institute, about 15,000 men and 6,000 women are diagnosed with primary liver cancer in the United States each year. Most of these people are over age 64.
TREATMENTS: There are a variety of treatment options for patients with liver cancer. Some of these include:
• Surgery -- Doctors remove the cancer and part of the healthy tissue that surrounds the tumor.
• Liver transplant surgery -- A patient's diseased liver is removed and replaced with a healthy liver from a donor.
• Freezing cancer cells -- Cryoablation uses extreme cold to destroy cancer cells.
• Heating cancer cells -- In a procedure called radiofrequency ablation, electric current is used to heat and destroy cancer cells.
• Injecting Alcohol -- Pure alcohol is injected directly into tumors either through the skin or during an operation.
• Chemotherapy -- Chemoembolization is a type of chemotherapy that supplies strong anti-cancer drugs directly to the liver.
• Radiation -- High-powered energy beams destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors.
• Targeted Drug Therapy -- Sorafenib (Nexavar) is a targeted drug designed to interfere with a tumor's ability to generate new blood vessels.
TRANSPLANT SOLUTION: While liver transplants may be a good option for some patients, the cancer cells still in the body may eventually attack the new, transplanted liver. This happens in about 20 percent of cases. Now, researchers at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine are testing a revolutionary new procedure that uses the body's own natural killers to keep liver cancer from coming back. The treatment utilizes specialized cells in the body known as natural killer cells. After a liver transplant, these natural killers can attack any liver cancer cells remaining in the body. Natural killer cells are extracted from a donor liver, cultured in the lab so they multiple, and are injected into the patient's bloodstream. These cells act like "smart bombs," honing in and destroying any lingering cancer cells. They also have the added bonus of being 10-times more aggressive against the hepatitis C virus. MORE

报道2011年2月25日

自然杀手癌症：医疗第一！ - 研究综述

背景：根据梅奥诊所，肝癌是癌症中最常见的形式之一，在世界上。但是，肝癌是在美国屡见不鲜。多数癌症，在美国开始出现肝，如结肠癌，乳腺癌，肺癌或身体的其它地区。医生称这种转移癌，而不是原发性肝癌。这种类型的癌症命名的器官，它开始的。据美国国立癌症研究所，约15000人及6000名妇女被诊断患有在美国每年原发性肝癌。这些人大多是64岁以上。

治疗：有一对肝癌患者的治疗多种选择。其中一些包括：
•手术 - 医生取出肿瘤和周围的健康组织肿瘤的一部分。
•肝脏移植手术 - 病人的病肝被删除并从一个健康的肝脏捐赠者所取代。
•冻结癌细胞 - 冷冻消融使用极端寒冷摧毁癌细胞。
•加热肿瘤细胞 - 所谓的射频消融过程中，电流是用来加热和摧毁癌细胞。
•注射酒精 - 单纯酒精直接注射到肿瘤中，无论是通过皮肤或在操作过程中。
•化疗 - 栓塞化疗是一种类型，它提供强大的抗癌药物直接到肝脏。
•辐射 - 高功率能量束摧毁癌细胞，缩小肿瘤。
•有针对性的药物治疗 - 索拉非尼（多吉美）是一种靶向药物设计来干扰肿瘤的能力，产生新的血管。

移植解决方案：虽然肝脏移植可能是一个很好的选择一些病人，癌细胞在人体内最终仍可能攻击新移植的肝脏。这发生在约百分之20例。现在，在美国迈阿密大学米勒医学院的研究人员正在测试一种革命性的新程序，使用人体自身的自然杀手，以防止回来肝癌。治疗中采用自然杀伤细胞称为一体的专业细胞。肝脏移植后，这些自然杀手可以攻击任何肝癌细胞在体内的。自然杀伤细胞是从捐赠者肝脏中提取，在实验室中培养，使他们的倍数，并把病人的血液注入。这些细胞像“智能油油油炸弹”，珩磨并摧毁任何挥之不去的癌细胞。他们也有被10倍以上对丙型肝炎病毒攻击额外的收获。





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