Management of Antiviral-Resistant HBV
Prevention
● Avoid unnecessary treatment
● Initiate treatment with potent antiviral that has low rate of drug resistance
or with combination therapy
● Switch to alternative therapy in patients with primary non-response
Monitoring
● Test for serum HBV DNA (PCR assay) every 3-6 months during treatment
● Check for medication compliance in patients with virologic breakthrough
● Confirm antiviral resistance with genotypic testing
Treatment
Lamivudine-resistance 3 Add adefovir or tenofovir
Stop lamivudine, switch to Truvada*∧
Adefovir-resistance 3 Add lamivudine#
Stop adefovir, switch to Truvada*∧
Switch to or add entecavir#∧
Entecavir-resistance 3 Switch to tenofovir or Truvada∧
Telbivudine-resistance 3 Add adefovir or tenofovir
Stop telbivudine, switch to Truvada
*Truvada combination pill with emtricitabine 200 mg and tenofovir 300 mg
#Durability of viral suppression unknown, especially in patients with prior
lamivudine resistance
∧In HIV coinfected persons; scanty in vivo data in non HIV infected persons
Clinical data not available