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http://www.expressnews.ualberta.ca/en/NewsArticles/2010/12/MedicalresearchersidentifypotentialnewtreatmentsforhepatitisBandtuberculosis.aspx
Medical researchers identify potential new treatments for hepatitis B and tuberculosis
By Raquel Maurier December 7, 2010
(From left)Babita Agrawal, Rakesh Kumar and Dennis Kunimoto, a research team with the University of Alberta’s Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, have identified a new class of drugs for the treatment of Hepatitis B and Tuberculosis. (Edmonton) A researcher and his team with the Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry at the University of Alberta have discovered a new class of drugs that could one day be used to treat people with hepatitis B. They have also made a similar discovery for the treatment of tuberculosis.
Working with cultures in his lab, Rakesh Kumar and his colleagues have discovered a new class of drugs for hepatitis B that does three important things: it is effective against the normal strain of the hepatitis B virus; it is effective against the drug-resistant strain and it isn’t toxic to healthy cells. He says no one else in the world has identified this class of drugs. These new drugs could be used in combination with other hepatitis B drugs on the market—at the same time, by themselves or one after the other. Right now, four drugs are used to treat hepatitis B. Some of these treatments trigger drug-resistant strains of the virus. When the treatment is halted for any reason, it can result in more severe hepatitis B infection. Some of these current treatments are also toxic to patients. “We want to inhibit the virus without killing healthy cells and that’s what this new class of drugs can do,” says Kumar, an associate professor in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology. “And we want to inhibit the DNA of the virus with maximum impact in hopes of eradicating the hepatitis B virus altogether.” Kumar’s findings were recently published in three papers in two prestigious journals: the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry and Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. He collaborated with two other researchers in the faculty, Lorne Tyrrell and Babita Agrawal, on these papers. His next steps are to test this new class of drugs on non-human models and people. He thinks human clinical trials could start within three to five years. Worldwide, there are about 400 million chronic carriers of hepatitis B, a very contagious virus that causes inflammation of the liver. The virus may eventually lead to liver cancer and liver cirrhosis. About 1.2 million people worldwide die each year from the virus. In North America, there are about 300,000 new cases of hepatitis B infection each year, resulting in 43,000 chronic infections and 3,000 deaths, although Kumar says new infections can be prevented with a vaccine. Kumar has been researching hepatitis B for 15 years. His primary funders are the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions. Earlier this year, Kumar, Agrawal and Dennis Kunimoto, another researcher in the faculty, discovered a new class of drugs for treating tuberculosis. Kumar says it is important to find another drug to treat this condition because one third of the world’s population has been exposed to TB and the rates of infection are continually increasing, presenting a major global health challenge. Tuberculosis is the most common infection among people living with HIV or AIDS, resulting in death for one third of HIV patients who contract TB. Current medications used to treat TB are toxic and have led to multiple and an extremely drug-resistant strain of the disease, making TB almost incurable, says Kumar. The new class of drugs Kumar and his colleagues identified is effective in fighting drug-resistant strains of TB, as demonstrated by tests at the cellular level in his lab. The research findings were published earlier this year in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.
（埃德蒙顿）研究员和他与医学与牙科在艾伯塔大学的师资队伍已经发现了，可能有一天被用来治疗B型肝炎，他们也作出了类似的发现为治疗药物的新阶层人士肺结核。
在他的实验室培养工作，拉克什Kumar和他的同事们发现了一种新的乙肝药物类，它三个重要问题：它是针对B型肝炎病毒株的正常有效，它是针对耐药株有效它是不是有毒的健康细胞。他说，没有人在世界上已发现这类药物的。这些新的药物可用于其他乙肝药物组合对市场的同时，由本人或者一个接一个。
现在，四种药物被用于治疗B型肝炎，这些疗法一些触发病毒耐药株。在治疗因任何原因而停止，它会导致更严重的B型肝炎感染。这些目前的治疗也有些是有毒的病人。
“我们希望抑制而不杀死健康细胞的病毒，而这正是这种新型药物可以做，”Kumar说，一个在检验医学与病理学系副教授。 “我们希望能够抑制与在消除乙肝病毒完全希望最大影响病毒的DNA。”
Kumar的研究结果发表在最近两三年在著名的期刊论文：在药物化学和生物有机与药物化学杂志。他与两位老师，洛恩泰瑞尔和Babita阿格拉瓦尔对这些文件的其他研究人员。
他的下一个步骤是测试这种药物对非人体模型和人民的新类。他认为，人体临床试验也开始在三至五年。
在世界范围内，大约有400万B型肝炎，传染性病毒十分导致肝脏慢性炎症载体。该病毒可能最终导致肝癌和肝硬化。全世界约有120万人死于这种病毒每一年。在北美，大约有30万乙肝感染的新病例，每年在43,000慢性感染，3000人死亡，虽然库马尔说，新的感染可以用疫苗预防。
库马尔已经研究了15年乙型肝炎。他的主要资助者是健康的研究与加拿大艾伯塔创新的机构 - 卫生解决方案。
今年早些时候，库马尔，Agrawal和丹尼斯国本，另外该学院研究员，发现了治疗结核病的药物新类。库马尔说，重要的是找到另一种药物来治疗这种情况，因为占世界人口的三分之一已经暴露在结核病和感染的比率不断增加，呈现出重大的全球性公共卫生挑战。结核病是在感染艾滋病毒或艾滋病患者最常见的感染，导致死亡的艾滋病患者为一合同谁结核病的三分之一。
目前用于治疗结核病的药物是有毒的，并导致多种疾病和极度的耐药株，使结核病几乎无法医治，Kumar说。库马尔的药物和他的同事发现一类新的打击毒品耐药菌株的结核病，经测试证明，在他的实验室在细胞水平有效。研究结果发表在今年早些时候的药物化学杂志。
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发表于 2010-12-8 18:39
