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Nationwide retrospective study of hepatitis B virological response and liver stiffness improvement in 465 patients on nucleos(t)ide analogue
Alnoor Ramji 1 , Karen Doucette 2 , Curtis Cooper 3 , Gerald Yosel Minuk 4 , Mang Ma 2 , Alexander Wong 5 , David Wong 6 , Edward Tam 7 , Brian Conway 8 , David Truong 8 , Philip Wong 9 , Lisa Barrett 10 , Hin Hin Ko 11 , Sarah Haylock-Jacobs 12 , Nishi Patel 12 , Gilaad G Kaplan 12 , Scott Fung 6 , Carla S Coffin 12
Affiliations
Affiliations
1
Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada. [email protected].
2
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2R7, Canada.
3
Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
4
Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 3J7, Canada.
5
Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada.
6
Department of Medicine,University Health Network, Toronto M5G 2C4, Canada.
7
Pacific Gastroenterology Associates, Vancouver V6Z 2K5, Canada.
8
Vancouver Infectious Disease Centre, Vancouver V6Z 2C7, Canada.
9
Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada.
10
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax B3H 4R2, Canada.
11
Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada.
12
Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada.
PMID: 36159017 PMCID: PMC9453764 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i31.4390
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy reduces liver disease but requires prolonged therapy to achieve hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. There is limited North American real-world data using non-invasive tools for fibrosis assessment and few have compared 1st generation NA or lamivudine (LAM) to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).
Aim: To assess impact of NA on virological response and fibrosis regression using liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (i.e., FibroScan®).
Methods: Retrospective, observational cohort study from the Canadian HBV Network. Data collected included demographics, NA, HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and LSM. Patients were HBV monoinfected patients, treatment naïve, and received 1 NA with minimum 1 year follow-up.
Results: In 465 (median 49 years, 37% female, 35% hepatitis B e antigen+ at baseline, 84% Asian, 6% White, and 9% Black). Percentage of 64 (n = 299) received TDF and 166 were LAM-treated with similar median duration of 3.9 and 3.7 years, respectively. The mean baseline LSM was 11.2 kPa (TDF) vs 8.3 kPa (LAM) (P = 0.003). At 5-year follow-up, the mean LSM was 7.0 kPa in TDF vs 6.7 kPa in LAM (P = 0.83). There was a significant difference in fibrosis regression between groups (i.e., mean -4.2 kPa change in TDF and -1.6 kPa in LAM, P < 0.05). The last available data on treatment showed that all had normal ALT, but more TDF patients were virologically suppressed (< 10 IU/mL) (n = 170/190, 89%) vs LAM-treated (n = 35/58, 60%) (P < 0.05). None cleared HBsAg.
Conclusion: In this real-world North American study, approximately 5 years of NA achieves liver fibrosis regression rarely leads to HBsAg loss.
Keywords: Fibrosis regression; Functional cure; Hepatitis B virus surface antigen loss; Liver stiffness measurement; Nucleos(t)ide analog therapy; Transient elastography.
©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Alnoor Ramji and Dr. Carla S Coffin didn’t receive at any time payment from a third party for any aspect for the submitted work; there are no relevant conflict of interest; there are no patents related to this work; Dr. Alnoor Ramji and Dr. Carla S Coffin have nothing to disclosure.
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