Toll 样受体对乙型肝炎病毒感染的反应和 TLR 激动剂作为免疫

StephenW

Toll 样受体对乙型肝炎病毒感染的反应和 TLR 激动剂作为免疫调节剂治疗慢性乙型肝炎的潜力：概述
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh 1 2 , Michinori Kohara 3 , Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara 1
隶属关系
隶属关系

    1
    跨界动物疾病中心，鹿儿岛大学联合兽医学院，鹿儿岛 890-0065，日本。
    2
    Patuakhali 科技大学动物科学与兽医学院微生物学与公共卫生系，孟加拉国巴里沙尔 8210。
    3
    东京都医学科学研究所微生物学和细胞生物学系，东京 156-8506，日本。

    PMID：34638802 DOI：10.3390/ijms221910462

抽象的

慢性乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染仍然是一个主要的全球健康问题。该疾病的免疫病理学，尤其是 HBV 与宿主先天免疫之间的相互作用，知之甚少。此外，关于 HBV 和宿主先天免疫的不一致文献导致了争议。然而，最近，强调先天免疫反应（包括 Toll 样受体 (TLR)）与慢性 HBV 感染之间联系的研究数量有所增加。 TLRs 是检测病原体相关分子模式并调节促炎和抗炎细胞因子的诱导的关键传感分子，从而形成适应性免疫。据报道，慢性乙型肝炎 (CHB) 患者以及其他模型（包括树鼩）中 TLR 反应受到抑制，这表明 TLR 反应与 HBV 慢性病有关。此外，据报道，TLR 激动剂可改善宿主对 HBV 感染的先天免疫反应，突出了这些激动剂作为免疫调节剂增强 CHB 治疗的潜力。在这项研究中，我们讨论了目前对 HBV 感染期间宿主先天免疫反应的理解，特别关注 TLR 反应和 TLR 激动剂作为免疫调节剂。

关键词：TLR 激动剂；慢性的;乙型肝炎病毒;感染; toll样受体。

StephenW

Toll-Like Receptor Response to Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Potential of TLR Agonists as Immunomodulators for Treating Chronic Hepatitis B: An Overview
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh  1   2 , Michinori Kohara  3 , Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara  1
Affiliations
Affiliations

    1
    Transboundary Animal Diseases Centre, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
    2
    Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal 8210, Bangladesh.
    3
    Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.

    PMID: 34638802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910462

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health problem. The immunopathology of the disease, especially the interplay between HBV and host innate immunity, is poorly understood. Moreover, inconsistent literature on HBV and host innate immunity has led to controversies. However, recently, there has been an increase in the number of studies that have highlighted the link between innate immune responses, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and chronic HBV infection. TLRs are the key sensing molecules that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns and regulate the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby shaping the adaptive immunity. The suppression of TLR response has been reported in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), as well as in other models, including tree shrews, suggesting an association of TLR response in HBV chronicity. Additionally, TLR agonists have been reported to improve the host innate immune response against HBV infection, highlighting the potential of these agonists as immunomodulators for enhancing CHB treatment. In this study, we discuss the current understanding of host innate immune responses during HBV infection, particularly focusing on the TLR response and TLR agonists as immunomodulators.

Keywords: TLR agonists; chronic; hepatitis B virus; infection; toll-like receptor.

StephenW

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34638802/