血液检查可在目前的筛查方法之前4年检测出常见的癌症类型

StephenW

Blood test detects common cancer types 4 years before current screening methods
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A novel blood-based assay demonstrated the ability to detect five cancer types up to 4 years earlier than current screening methods, according to study results published in Nature Communications.

The noninvasive PanSeer test (Singlera Genomics), which is based on DNA methylation, detected stomach, esophageal, colorectal, lung and liver cancer in 91% of asymptomatic individuals who were diagnosed with cancer 1 to 4 years later using standard detection methods.
A novel blood-based assay demonstrated the ability to detect five cancer types up to 4 years earlier than current screening methods.

Although the test may not predict which individuals go on to develop cancer, it could identify individuals who have cancerous growths but remain asymptomatic, according to the researchers.

“The ultimate goal would be performing blood tests like this routinely during annual health checkups,” Kun Zhang, PhD, professor and chair of the department of bioengineering at the University of California, San Diego, said in a press release. “But the immediate focus is to test people at higher risk, based on family history, age or other known risk factors.”

The Taizhou Longitudinal Study— a 10-year longitudinal study conducted between 2007 and 2017 in China — included 123,115 healthy individuals aged 25 to 90 years who provided plasma samples for long-term storage and were monitored for cancer by regular checkups with physicians. More than 1.6 million specimens have been gathered and archived.

For the current study, researchers analyzed plasma samples of 605 asymptomatic individuals, of whom 191 were diagnosed with stomach, esophageal, colorectal, lung or liver cancer up to 4 years after plasma collection. Investigators also tested samples of 223 patients with cancer, in addition to 200 primary tumor and normal tissue samples.

With a specificity of 96% (95% CI, 93-98), the test detected cancer accurately in 88% (95% CI, 80-93) of post-diagnosis samples.

Moreover, it detected cancer in 95% (95% CI, 89-98) of asymptomatic individuals who were later diagnosed with cancer, although researchers noted that this result needs to be confirmed in larger studies.

“The PanSeer assay provides a preliminary demonstration of early detection of multiple cancer types 4 years prior to conventional diagnosis in a robust manner, and lays the foundation for a noninvasive blood test for early detection of cancer in a high-risk (or average-risk in the future) population,” the researchers wrote. “[Although] much of current research is focused on developing new therapeutics, studies have shown that early detection has the potential to reduce both treatment cost and mortality rates from cancer by a significant amount.”

The five cancer types included in this study account for 261,530 annual U.S. cancer deaths and 2.1 million annual cancer deaths in China. Early detection could significantly decrease deaths due to these cancer types, the researchers added.

“Recent studies have also identified that early detection of cancer could reduce cancer treatment costs by $26 billion annually,” they wrote. “In the future, to fully establish the clinical utility of PanSeer and fully validate the results of pre-diagnostic detection of cancer, we hope to proceed with a large prospective study of healthy individuals to determine if noninvasive cancer screening can reduce cancer deaths in a cost-effective manner.”

StephenW

血液检查可在目前的筛查方法之前4年检测出常见的癌症类型
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根据《自然通讯》上发表的研究结果，一种新颖的基于血液的测定方法证明了比目前的筛查方法早4年检测出五种癌症类型的能力。

基于DNA甲基化的非侵入性PanSeer测试（Singlera Genomics）在91至1-4年后使用标准检测方法诊断出患有癌症的无症状个体中，有91％检出了胃癌，食道癌，结肠直肠癌，肺癌和肝癌。
一种新颖的基于血液的测定方法证明了比目前的筛选方法提早4年检测出五种癌症类型的能力。

研究人员称，尽管该测试可能无法预测哪些人继续发展为癌症，但它可以识别出具有癌性生长但仍无症状的人。

加州大学圣地亚哥分校生物工程学系系主任，教授张昆在一份新闻稿中说：“最终目标是在每年的健康检查中定期进行这样的血液检查。” “但是眼前的重点是根据家族病史，年龄或其他已知的风险因素来测试风险较高的人。”

泰州纵向研究是一项2007年至2017年在中国进行的为期10年的纵向研究，其中包括123,115名年龄在25至90岁之间的健康个体，他们提供了血浆样本以进行长期保存，并通过与医生的定期检查对癌症进行了监测。已经收集并存档了超过160万个标本。

对于当前的研究，研究人员分析了605名无症状个体的血浆样本，其中191名在血浆收集后4年内被诊断出患有胃癌，食道癌，结直肠癌，肺癌或肝癌。除200个原发性肿瘤和正常组织样本外，研究人员还测试了223名癌症患者的样本。

该测试具有96％（95％CI，93-98）的特异性，可在诊断后样本的88％（95％CI，80-93）中准确地检测出癌症。

而且，它在后来被诊断出患有癌症的无症状个体中有95％（95％CI，89-98）检出了癌症，尽管研究人员指出，这一结果需要在更大的研究中得到证实。

“ PanSeer分析能够以强有力的方式在常规诊断之前的4年内提供多种癌症类型的早期检测的初步证明，并为无创血液检验为高风险（或平均风险）癌症的早期检测奠定了基础。未来）人口”，研究人员写道。 “尽管[目前]许多研究都集中在开发新的疗法上，但研究表明，早期发现有潜力显着降低癌症的治疗成本和死亡率。”

这项研究包括的五种癌症类型分别导致美国每年261,530例癌症死亡和中国每年210万例癌症死亡。研究人员补充说，早期发现可以显着减少由于这些癌症类型而导致的死亡。

他们写道：“最近的研究还发现，早期发现癌症可以每年减少260亿美元的癌症治疗成本。” “将来，要完全建立PanSeer的临床效用并充分验证癌症的预诊断检测结果，我们希望对健康个体进行大规模的前瞻性研究，以确定无创性癌症筛查是否可以减少癌症患者的癌症死亡。具有成本效益的方式。”

aweige

中国和瑞基因莱思宁上市，可以早期诊断肝癌

aweige

不知道什么时候在什么医院能做检测！