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回复 沧桑正道 的帖子
这可以被质疑:
Antonio Bertoletti教授:乙型肝炎病毒很难被清除,母婴传播的HBV可导致机体免疫系统发生变化,适应性免疫、T细胞、抗体应答等都对病毒不起作用,或者功能受损。尽管可用很好的药物来阻断病毒复制达到免疫控制,但慢性患者的免疫系统仍会发生功能损伤。
Prof. Bertoletti: Thank you for the question. Hepatitis B is very difficult to be cured because the immune system against the hepatitis has been really altered by the fact that the infection has been acquired from birth and therefore the adaptive immunity, the T cells, and the antibody response, has been completely deleted or is functionally impaired in these patients. Even though you have good drugs that can block viral replication the immune system is necessary to have complete control but the immune system is very functionally impaired in patients with chronic hepatitis.
考虑以下:
PARTIALLY RESTORED T CELL RESPONSES IN HBEAG-NEGATIVE CHRONIC PATIENTS AFTER STOPPING NA THERAPY
Author(s): Franziska Rinker
, Christoph Höner zu Siederdissen
, Birgit Bremer
, Michael P. Manns
, Heiner Wedemeyer
, Anke R. M. Kraft
, Markus Cornberg
EASL LiverTree™. Rinker F. Apr 14, 2016; 126524
Topic: Experimental
Label: Hepatitis B & D - experimental
THU-188
Topic: Hepatitis B & D - experimental
Background and aims
Stopping nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy in HBeAg-negative patients without HBsAg loss is currently intensively discussed. We could show that stopping treatment is safe and leads to a significant decline of HBsAg in our cohort. As the mechanisms leading to this decline are not well investigated we analyzed clinical parameters and serum cytokine/chemokine levels. For further characterization we studied Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses with and without PD-L1 blockade after stop of NA therapy.
Methods
In a prospective trail, 15 chronically HBV infected HBeAg-negative patients stopped NA treatment. Only patients with ongoing NA therapy, suppressed HBV DNA (<20 IU/ml) for at least three years and HBsAg levels less than 3500 IU/ml were included. Retreatment was initiated when a virological relapse occurred (HBV DNA >2000 IU/ml). Serum cytokine/chemokine profiles were measured using multiplex technology (Bio-Plex System). PBMCs were stimulated with core-specific overlapping peptides and analyzed by intracellular cytokine staining. The same approach was additionally performed with PD-L1 blockade.
Results
The fold decline of HBsAg at week 48 correlated strongly with peak of HBV-DNA and HBcrAg during relapse. Serum cytokine/chemokine levels of IL-10, IL-12 and TNFα were significantly increased early (4 weeks) and CXCL10 (IP-10) 8 weeks after treatment cessation. At stop of therapy almost no CD4+ (mean: 0.8%) and CD8+ (mean: 0.7%) T cell responses were detectable. After stop of therapy when HBV DNA and HBcrAg increased, we observed higher CD4+ (mean: 4.8%; range: 0.2 – 18.60) and CD8+ (mean 3.0%; range: 0.1 – 16.0) IFNγ+ T cell responses (SI≥2) in 10/12 and 9/12 patients. However, with increasing HBV DNA levels we detected a change towards an exhausted phenotype (less IFNγ/TNFα+ double positive) of T cell response. Blocking PD-L1 lead to stronger HBV specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in the majority of patients.
Conclusions
In summary, stopping NA therapy leads to a significant HBsAg decline strongest in patients with highest virological relapse. Virological relapse after stopping NA may induce chemokines/cytokines as well as T cell responses which however seem to exhaust fast. PD-L1 blockade may restore the T cell response in most cases.
部分恢复HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者的T细胞反应停药后NA治疗
作者(S):弗兰齐斯卡林克
,克里斯托夫公司微博祖Siederdissen
,布雷默吉特
迈克尔P.曼斯
海纳魏德迈
,安科R. M.卡夫
马库斯科恩贝格
EASL LiverTree™。林克F. 2016年4月14日; 126524
主题:实验
标签:乙肝&D - 实验
弗兰齐斯卡林克
弗兰齐斯卡林克
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THU-188
主题:乙型肝炎&D - 实验
背景和目的
停止核苷HBeAg阴性患者无HBsAg消失(T)IDE类似物(NA)治疗是目前深入讨论。我们可以表明,在停止治疗是安全的,并导致乙肝表面抗原在我们的队列一个显著下跌。至于导致这种下降的机制没有得到很好的调查,我们分析临床参数和血清细胞因子/趋化因子水平。用于进一步表征我们研究与无NA治疗停止后PD-L1的封锁乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)特异性CD4 +和CD8 + T细胞应答。
方法
在未来的线索,15慢性HBV感染者HBeAg阴性患者停止治疗NA。仅与正在进行的NA治疗的患者,抑制HBV DNA(<20国际单位/毫升),用于至少三年和HBsAg水平被包括小于3500单位/毫升。当病毒学复发发生(HBV DNA> 2000 IU / ml)的复治已启动。血清细胞因子/趋化因子型材采用多路技术(BIO-Plex的系统)测量。将PBMC与特定的核 - 重叠肽刺激并通过细胞内细胞因子染色分析。同样的方法被加用PD-L1阻断进行。
结果
乙肝表面抗原在48周的跌幅倍复发期间与HBV-DNA和HBcrAg高峰密切相关。 IL-10,IL-12和TNFα的血清细胞因子/趋化因子水平年初显著增加(4周)和CXCL10(IP-10)治疗8周后停止。在治疗停止几乎没有的CD4 +(平均:0.8%)和CD8 +(平均:0.7%)的T细胞应答是可检测的。治疗停止后时HBV DNA和HBcrAg增加,我们观察到更高的CD4 +(平均:4.8%;范围:0.2 - 18.60)和CD8 +(平均3.0%,范围0.1 - 16.0)IFNγ+ T细胞应答(SI≥2)在10/12和9/12的患者。然而,随着HBV DNA水平我们发现向T细胞应答的耗尽型(以下IFNγ/TNFα+双阳性)的变化。阻断PD-L1的引线在大多数患者更强HBV特异性CD4 +和CD8 + T细胞应答。
结论
总之,停止NA治疗导致显著HBsAg的下降最强患者最高病毒学复发。停止NA可能诱发趋化因子/细胞因子以及T细胞反应不过这似乎用尽后快速病毒学复发。 PD-L1的阻断可以恢复在大多数情况下,T细胞应答。 |
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