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发表于 2007-9-16 03:28
<p>我刚刚在一个地方看到有人评价接吻，咬破等可能造成唾液传播的情况。我想也包括共餐，但共餐在那个地方没主要提到，可能因为外国的分餐和中国共餐的区别。他们引用了研究，表明了一个观点就是It seems that it(kissing) depends on how infectious the person is，即是看起来接吻是否传播HBV取决于这个人（也就是携带者）有多强的传染性。具体说，含很少病毒的人不会造成唾液传染，含量很高的人（比如10^9)可能造成唾液传染。他们建议接吻应该考虑对方是否受到疫苗的保护，并且应该考虑疫苗保护的强度，即抗体的含量。</p><p>原文如下：</p><p>Hi,<br/>I just want to comment about kissing because this is a very controversial topic. It seems that it depends on how infectious the person is. Apparently an inactive carrier, for example have very little chances of transmitting the disease by this form. On the other hand if a berson has billions of copies/ml of HBV DNA, then this person has high probabilities of transmiting the disease through saliva no matter if there is a an open wound or not. I read a paper that in a pediatric unit, many children were found to be infected with hepatitis B. When they investigated, curiously their mothers or rest of their families were not infected. They found however one boy who had the disease since birth which was very infectious. They compared genomes and concluded that this boy infected the other children probably through the saliva.<br/>Anyways, in any case is better to make sure that the other person is vaccinated, and not only that, make sure that he/she has created the proper amount of antibodies to be protected.<br/>Hope this helps,<br/>——————————————————————————————————————</p><p>Hi all,<br/>I am copying the abstract of a very interesting paper about HBV in saliva and other body fluids. For those interested in reading the PDF let me know and I can send it to you.<br/>L*<br/>
<br/>High levels of hepatitis B virus DNA in body fluids from chronic carriers. Kidd-Ljunggren K, Holmberg A, Bläckberg J, Lindqvist B.<br/>Department of Infectious Diseases, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. [email protected]<br/>Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global health problem. Transmission is mainly blood-borne, although the route of infection during horizontal transmission in childhood is unclear. Nosocomial outbreaks of HBV have been widely reported, but have mainly focused on blood-borne transmission. There is limited knowledge of the viral load levels in other body fluids. In the present study, chronic HBV carriers were tested for the presence of HBV DNA in serum, saliva, nasopharyngeal fluid, urine and tears by means of qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Twenty-five patients who were positive for HBV DNA with both PCRs were included. Low titres in real-time PCR corresponded with weak bands in the qualitative assay. HBV DNA was found in two urine samples, 10 saliva samples, five nasopharyngeal swabs and in tear fluid from four patients. One highly viraemic HBeAg-positive carrier with serum HBV DNA levels of 7 x 10(9) genome<br/>copies had high copy numbers detected in both saliva and nasopharyngeal fluid. These results demonstrate that highly viraemic HBV carriers may have high titres of HBV DNA in other body fluids. This has particular importance for infection control programmes and regulations, underlining the importance of aiming towards regular HBV DNA testing and thus infectivity assessment of chronic carriers in order to prevent transmission.<br/>
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<br/><a href="mailto:r*@*.com">r*@*.com</a> wrote:<br/>I guess there are probably chemical and molecular differences between saliva and blood which may play a role in the likelihood and/or transmitability of the HBV. And, my gut feeling is that anyone with a real high VL is probably more infectious than one with a low VL. <br/>
<br/>Cheers,</p><p>____________________________________________</p><p>Transmission of hepatitis B by human bite--confirmation by detection of virus in saliva and full genome sequencing. Hui AY, Hung LC, Tse PC, Leung WK, Chan PK, Chan HL.<br/>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 9/F Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. [email protected]<br/>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be detected in saliva of carriers and epidemiological studies suggest human bite as a possible route of transmission. We report a case of acute hepatitis B that developed after an individual with learning difficulty was bitten by a fellow resident in a sheltered accommodation. The attacker was found to be a chronic carrier of HBV and virus was present in his saliva. The HBV in both men had identical genotype and sequence. Future studies are warranted to investigate the role of saliva as a vehicle of HBV transmission in the community.</p>
[ 本帖最后由 cshbv 于 2008-1-20 18:39 编辑 ] |
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