I plan to add some pure water here

medline

Some of them are information about liver.

I am sorry. It's very boring.

[em04][em04][em04]

medline

Before I start, I would like to say something else.

1, To improve English, I think the most important thing is to work hard. Keep learning with certain intensity, then English will improve gradually.

2, To improve reading skill, read something really interest you and read it fast.

3, To improve listening skill, listen to the radio a lot.

4, To improve oral English, speak a lot. If you can't find somebody else to chat with, maybe you can try read out English materials LOUDLY. I think this works for me.

5, I don't know how to improve writing skills.

Artemisia

Adding some pure water here will help you improve writing skills,and people say when the river rises the boat goes up too,then when it is flooded here your writing skills will be perfect.[em02]

medline

Thank you. Artemisia.

medline

Here is a boring water.

If you are interesting, maybe it will improve your reading a little.

-------------------------------------------------------

Compound Linked to the Prevention of Liver Cancer hbv

[email protected] to me
More options 6:57 am (4 hours ago)

Compound Linked to the Prevention of Liver Cancer

A new compound, CDDO-Im, has been shown to protect laboratory animals
against the development of liver cancer, according to results of the study
published in the February 15, 2006 issue of Cancer Research. The compound
appears to stimulate the enzymes that remove toxic substances from the cells
and increase the cells’ resistance to cancer-causing toxins. Researchers
reported that the compound may also have similar cancer-fighting effects in
humans and believe that CDDO-Im may be effective in preventing cancers with
a strong inflammatory component (eg, liver, colon, prostate, or gastric
cancers). The CDDO-Im compound was found to be 100 times as potent as other
chemo-preventative agents in protecting against cancer. The study team is
hopeful that the compound also has the potential to prevent other illnesses,
including neurodegenerative disease, asthma, and emphysema.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/66/4/2488

Cancer Research 66, 2488-2494, February 15, 2006]
© 2006 American Association for Cancer Research

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Epidemiology and Prevention

Potent Protection against Aflatoxin-Induced Tumorigenesis through Induction
of Nrf2-Regulated Pathways by the Triterpenoid
1-[2-Cyano-3-,12-Dioxooleana-1,9(11)-Dien-28-Oyl]Imidazole
Melinda S. Yates1, Mi-Kyoung Kwak1, Patricia A. Egner1, John D. Groopman1,
Sridevi Bodreddigari2, Thomas R. Sutter2, Karen J. Baumgartner3, B.D.
Roebuck3, Karen T. Liby3, Mark M. Yore3, Tadashi Honda4, Gordon W. Gribble4,
Michael B. Sporn3 and Thomas W. Kensler1
1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; 2 University of Memphis,
Memphis, Tennessee; and 3 Dartmouth Medical School and 4 Dartmouth College,
Hanover, New Hampshire

Requests for reprints: Thomas W. Kensler, Department of Environmental Health
Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Room
E7541, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205. Phone: 410-955-4712;
Fax: 410-955-0116; E-mail: [email protected].

Synthetic triterpenoid analogues of oleanolic acid are potent inducers of
the phase 2 response as well as inhibitors of inflammation. We show that the
triterpenoid, 1-[2-cyano-3-,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl]imidazole
(CDDO-Im), is a highly potent chemopreventive agent that inhibits
aflatoxin-induced tumorigenesis in rat liver. The chemopreventive potency of
CDDO-Im was evaluated by measuring inhibition of formation of putative
preneoplastic lesions (glutathione S-transferase P positive foci) in the
liver of rats exposed to aflatoxin B1. CDDO-Im produces an 85% reduction in
the hepatic focal burden of preneoplastic lesions at 1 µmol/kg body weight
and a >99% reduction at 100 µmol/kg body weight. CDDO-Im treatment reduces
levels of aflatoxin-DNA adducts by 40% to 90% over the range of 1 to 100
µmol/kg body weight. Additionally, changes in mRNA levels of genes involved
in aflatoxin metabolism were measured in rat liver following a single dose
of CDDO-Im. GSTA2, GSTA5, AFAR, and EPHX1 transcripts are elevated 6 hours
following a 1 µmol/kg body weight dose of CDDO-Im. Microarray analysis using
wild-type and Nrf2 knockout mice confirms that many phase 2 and antioxidant
genes are induced in an Nrf2-dependent manner in mouse liver following
treatment with CDDO-Im. Thus, low-micromole doses of CDDO-Im induce
cytoprotective genes, inhibit DNA adduct formation, and dramatically block
hepatic tumorigenesis. As a point of reference, oltipraz, an established
modulator of aflatoxin metabolism in humans, is 100-fold weaker than CDDO-Im
in this rat antitumorigenesis model. The unparalleled potency of CDDO-Im in
vivo highlights the chemopreventive promise of targeting Nrf2 pathways with
triterpenoids. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(4): 2488-94)

taro

en, medline is on the hbv mailing list

are you going to attend B Informed 2006 at Standford next month?

medline

taro

I am not going to attend the meeting.

are you going there?

medline

taro

I am not going to attend the meeting.

are you going there?

九层塔

CDDO-Im可能为治疗肝癌的新化合物
研究人员发现一种叫做CDDO-Im的新化合物能够抑制实验动物的肝癌的恶化。这种化合物似乎能够刺激将毒性物种从细胞中移除的酶，因此增加了细胞对致癌毒物的抗性。美国环境健康科学研究所和癌症研究所赞助了约翰霍普金斯Bloomberg公共卫生学校的这项为期两年的研究。 由于研究中使用的这种化合物的剂量非常低，因此该研究的发现意味着这种新化合物可能在人类体内也具有相似的抗癌特性。研究人员相信这种新化合物尤其对防止具有炎性成分的癌症有特别的效果，如肝癌、结肠癌、前列腺癌和胃癌。最终，这种化合物将可能在多种其他疾病中起到一种预防作用，例如神经退化疾病、哮喘和肺气肿。这些发现公布在2006年2月15日的Cancer Research杂志上。 研究结果显示这种化合物在防治癌症方面的效果是其他化学预防药剂的100倍。这种保护作用加上它的抗炎特性使得这种新化合物成为防治其他疾病的一条阳光大道。 CDDO-lm属于一类叫做三萜的抗癌化合物。它是一种根据oleanolic acid（植物中广泛存在的一种天然化合物）得来的合成化合物。对其他oleanolic衍生物的研究表明它们对动物和人体中都就有明显的抗肿瘤活性。 为了检测CDDO-lm的效果，研究人员用不同剂量的这种化合物处理大鼠。用CDDO-lm处理两天后，研究人员又用黄曲霉毒素（一种天然的能导致动物肝癌的毒素）。 对大鼠肝脏的分析结果表明最低浓度（0.1毫克）的黄曲霉毒素能够减少85％癌前损伤。CDDO-lm能够活化一种叫做Nrf2的蛋白质，这种蛋白质在保护细胞对抗环境毒素影响中起到关键作用。Nrf2蛋白知道特定的基因来刺激细胞的防御机制。这种蛋白质还能够刺激脱毒的关键酶。 与其他的oleanolic acid衍生化合物一样，CDDO-lm还具有强大的抗炎功能——这使它称为预防特定癌症的理想物质。因此，它还能通过干扰这种炎症过程来抑制的癌症的形成。由于它能够在非常低的剂量下刺激身体的抗癌机制，因此研究人员相信CDDO-lm可能成为人类的癌症预防药物的一种很棒的候选。

Artemisia

Thank 九层塔 for the translation.

PS: Is there anyone who know Zhou Jian graduated from Wenzhou Medical College or his achievement on Gardasil bacterin?

Is it possible to invent bacterin acting on other cancers as effectively as the Gardasil?

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-5-16 21:38:14编辑过]