美国的能力缺陷法

清照

SEC. 303. NEW CONSTRUCTION AND ALTERATIONS IN PUBLIC
ACCOMMODATIONS AND
      COMMERCIAL FACILITIES.
    (a) Application of Term.--Except as provided in subsection (b), as applied
  to public accommodations and commercial facilities, discrimination for
  purposes of section 302(a) includes--
        (1) a failure to design and construct facilities for first occupancy
      later than 30 months after the date of enactment of this Act that are
      readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, except
      where an entity can demonstrate that it is structurally impracticable to
      meet the requirements of such subsection in accordance with standards set
      forth or incorporated by reference in regulations issued under this
      title; and
        (2) with respect to a facility or part thereof that is altered by, on
      behalf of, or for the use of an establishment in a manner that affects or
      could affect the usability of the facility or part thereof, a failure to
      make alterations in such a manner that, to the maximum extent feasible,
      the altered portions of the facility are readily accessible to and usable
      by individuals with disabilities, including individuals who use
      wheelchairs. Where the entity is undertaking an alteration that affects
      or could affect usability of or access to an area of the facility
      containing a primary function, the entity shall also make the alterations
      in such a manner that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of travel
      to the altered area and the bathrooms, telephones, and drinking fountains
      serving the altered area, are readily accessible to and usable by
      individuals with disabilities where such alterations to the path of
      travel or the bathrooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the
      altered area are not disproportionate to the overall alterations in terms
      of cost and scope (as determined under criteria established by the
      Attorney General).
    (b) Elevator.--Subsection (a) shall not be construed to require the
  installation of an elevator for facilities that are less than three stories
  or have less than 3,000 square feet per story unless the building is a
  shopping center, a shopping mall, or the professional office of a health care
  provider or unless the Attorney General determines that a particular category
  of such facilities requires the installation of elevators based on the usage
  of such facilities.

  SEC. 304. PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION IN SPECIFIED PUBLIC
TRANSPORTATION
      SERVICES PROVIDED BY PRIVATE ENTITIES.
    (a) General Rule.--No individual shall be discriminated against on the
  basis of disability in the full and equal enjoyment of specified public
  transportation services provided by a private entity that is primarily
  engaged in the business of transporting people and whose operations affect
  commerce.
    (b) Construction.--For purposes of subsection (a), discrimination
  includes--
        (1) the imposition or application by a entity described in subsection
      (a) of eligibility criteria that screen out or tend to screen out an
      individual with a disability or any class of individuals with
      disabilities from fully enjoying the specified public transportation
      services provided by the entity, unless such criteria can be shown to be
      necessary for the provision of the services being offered;
        (2) the failure of such entity to--
            (A) make reasonable modifications consistent with those required
          under section 302(b)(2)(A)(ii);
            (B) provide auxiliary aids and services consistent with the
          requirements of section 302(b)(2)(A)(iii); and
            (C) remove barriers consistent with the requirements of section
          302(b)(2)(A) and with the requirements of section 303(a)(2);
        (3) the purchase or lease by such entity of a new vehicle (other than
      an automobile, a van with a seating capacity of less than 8 passengers,
      including the driver, or an over-the-road bus) which is to be used to
      provide specified public transportation and for which a solicitation is
      made after the 30th day following the effective date of this section,
      that is not readily accessible to and usable by individuals with
      disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs; except that the
      new vehicle need not be readily accessible to and usable by such
      individuals if the new vehicle is to be used solely in a demand
      responsive system and if the entity can demonstrate that such system,
      when viewed in its entirety, provides a level of service to such
      individuals equivalent to the level of service provided to the general
      public;
        (4)(A) the purchase or lease by such entity of an over-the-road bus
      which does not comply with the regulations issued under section
      306(a)(2); and
        (B) any other failure of such entity to comply with such regulations;
      and
        (5) the purchase or lease by such entity of a new van with a seating
      capacity of less than 8 passengers, including the driver, which is to be
      used to provide specified public transportation and for which a
      solicitation is made after the 30th day following the effective date of
      this section that is not readily accessible to or usable by individuals
      with disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs; except that
      the new van need not be readily accessible to and usable by such
      individuals if the entity can demonstrate that the system for which the
      van is being purchased or leased, when viewed in its entirety, provides a
      level of service to such individuals equivalent to the level of service
      provided to the general public;
        (6) the purchase or lease by such entity of a new rail passenger car
      that is to be used to provide specified public transportation, and for
      which a solicitation is made later than 30 days after the effective date
      of this paragraph, that is not readily accessible to and usable by
      individuals with disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs;
      and
        (7) the remanufacture by such entity of a rail passenger car that is to
      be used to provide specified public transportation so as to extend its
      usable life for 10 years or more, or the purchase or lease by such entity
      of such a rail car, unless the rail car, to the maximum extent feasible,
      is made readily accessible to and usable by individuals with
      disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs.
    (c) Historical or Antiquated Cars.--
        (1) Exception.--To the extent that compliance with subsection (b)(2)(C)
      or (b)(7) would significantly alter the historic or antiquated character
      of a historical or antiquated rail passenger car, or a rail station
      served exclusively by such cars, or would result in violation of any
      rule, regulation, standard, or order issued by the Secretary of
      Transportation under the Federal Railroad Safety Act of 1970, such
      compliance shall not be required.
        (2) Definition.--As used in this subsection, the term "historical or
      antiquated rail passenger car" means a rail passenger car--
            (A) which is not less than 30 years old at the time of its use for
          transporting individuals;
            (B) the manufacturer of which is no longer in the business of
          manufacturing rail passenger cars; and
            (C) which--
                (i) has a consequential association with events or persons
              significant to the past; or
                (ii) embodies, or is being restored to embody, the distinctive
              characteristics of a type of rail passenger car used in the past,
              or to represent a time period which has passed.

清照

SEC. 305. STUDY.
    (a) Purposes.--The Office of Technology Assessment shall undertake a study
  to determine--
        (1) the access needs of individuals with disabilities to over-the-road
      buses and over-the-road bus service; and
        (2) the most cost-effective methods for providing access to over-the-
      road buses and over-the-road bus service to individuals with
      disabilities, particularly individuals who use wheelchairs, through all
      forms of boarding options.
    (b) Contents.--The study shall include, at a minimum, an analysis of the
  following:
        (1) The anticipated demand by individuals with disabilities for
      accessible over-the-road buses and over-the-road bus service.
        (2) The degree to which such buses and service, including any service
      required under sections 304(b)(4) and 306(a)(2), are readily accessible
      to and usable by individuals with disabilities.
        (3) The effectiveness of various methods of providing accessibility to
      such buses and service to individuals with disabilities.
        (4) The cost of providing accessible over-the-road buses and bus
      service to individuals with disabilities, including consideration of
      recent technological and cost saving developments in equipment and
      devices.
        (5) Possible design changes in over-the-road buses that could enhance
      accessibility, including the installation of accessible restrooms which
      do not result in a loss of seating capacity.
        (6) The impact of accessibility requirements on the continuation of
      over-the-road bus service, with particular consideration of the impact of
      such requirements on such service to rural communities.
    (c) Advisory Committee.--In conducting the study required by subsection
  (a), the Office of Technology Assessment shall establish an advisory
  committee, which shall consist of--
        (1) members selected from among private operators and manufacturers of
      over-the-road buses;
        (2) members selected from among individuals with disabilities,
      particularly individuals who use wheelchairs, who are potential riders of
      such buses; and
        (3) members selected for their technical expertise on issues included
      in the study, including manufacturers of boarding assistance equipment
      and devices.
  The number of members selected under each of paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be
  equal, and the total number of members selected under paragraphs (1) and (2)
  shall exceed the number of members selected under paragraph (3).
    (d) Deadline.--The study required by subsection (a), along with
  recommendations by the Office of Technology Assessment, including any policy
  options for legislative action, shall be submitted to the President and
  Congress within 36 months after the date of the enactment of this Act. If the
  President determines that compliance with the regulations issued pursuant to
  section 306(a)(2)(B) on or before the applicable deadlines specified in
  section 306(a)(2)(B) will result in a significant reduction in intercity
  over-the-road bus service, the President shall extend each such deadline by 1
  year.
    (e) Review.--In developing the study required by subsection (a), the Office
  of Technology Assessment shall provide a preliminary draft of such study to
  the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board established
  under section 502 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 792). The
  Board shall have an opportunity to comment on such draft study, and any such
  comments by the Board made in writing within 120 days after the Board's
  receipt of the draft study shall be incorporated as part of the final study
  required to be submitted under subsection (d).

  SEC. 306. REGULATIONS.
    (a) Transportation Provisions.--
        (1) General rule.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
      enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue
      regulations in an accessible format to carry out sections 302(b)(2) (B)
      and (C) and to carry out section 304 (other than subsection (b)(4)).
        (2) Special rules for providing access to over-the-road buses.--
            (A) Interim requirements.--
                (i) Issuance.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
              enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall
              issue regulations in an accessible format to carry out sections
              304(b)(4) and 302(b)(2)(D)(ii) that require each private entity
              which uses an over-the-road bus to provide transportation of
              individuals to provide accessibility to such bus; except that
              such regulations shall not require any structural changes in
              over-the-road buses in order to provide access to individuals who
              use wheelchairs during the effective period of such regulations
              and shall not require the purchase of boarding assistance devices
              to provide access to such individuals.
                (ii) Effective period.--The regulations issued pursuant to this
              subparagraph shall be effective until the effective date of the
              regulations issued under subparagraph (B).
            (B) Final requirement.--
                (i) Review of study and interim requirements.--The Secretary
              shall review the study submitted under section 305 and the
              regulations issued pursuant to subparagraph (A).
                (ii) Issuance.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
              submission of the study under section 305, the Secretary shall
              issue in an accessible format new regulations to carry out
              sections 304(b)(4) and 302(b)(2)(D)(ii) that require, taking into
              account the purposes of the study under section 305 and any
              recommendations resulting from such study, each private entity
              which uses an over-the-road bus to provide transportation to
              individuals to provide accessibility to such bus to individuals
              with disabilities, including individuals who use wheelchairs.
                (iii) Effective period.--Subject to section 305(d), the
              regulations issued pursuant to this subparagraph shall take
              effect--
                    (I) with respect to small providers of transportation (as
                  defined by the Secretary), 7 years after the date of the
                  enactment of this Act; and
                    (II) with respect to other providers of transportation, 6
                  years after such date of enactment.
            (C) Limitation on requiring installation of accessible restrooms.--
          The regulations issued pursuant to this paragraph shall not require
          the installation of accessible restrooms in over-the-road buses if
          such installation would result in a loss of seating capacity.
        (3) Standards.--The regulations issued pursuant to this subsection
      shall include standards applicable to facilities and vehicles covered by
      sections 302(b)(2) and 304.
    (b) Other Provisions.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
  enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall issue regulations in an
  accessible format to carry out the provisions of this title not referred to
  in subsection (a) that include standards applicable to facilities and
  vehicles covered under section 302.
    (c) Consistency With ATBCB Guidelines.--Standards included in regulations
  issued under subsections (a) and (b) shall be consistent with the minimum
  guidelines and requirements issued by the Architectural and Transportation
  Barriers Compliance Board in accordance with section 504 of this Act.
    (d) Interim Accessibility Standards.--
        (1) Facilities.--If final regulations have not been issued pursuant to
      this section, for new construction or alterations for which a valid and
      appropriate State or local building permit is obtained prior to the
      issuance of final regulations under this section, and for which the
      construction or alteration authorized by such permit begins within one
      year of the receipt of such permit and is completed under the terms of
      such permit, compliance with the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards
      in effect at the time the building permit is issued shall suffice to
      satisfy the requirement that facilities be readily accessible to and
      usable by persons with disabilities as required under section 303, except
      that, if such final regulations have not been issued one year after the
      Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board has issued the
      supplemental minimum guidelines required under section 504(a) of this
      Act, compliance with such supplemental minimum guidelines shall be
      necessary to satisfy the requirement that facilities be readily
      accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities prior to issuance
      of the final regulations.
        (2) Vehicles and rail passenger cars.--If final regulations have not
      been issued pursuant to this section, a private entity shall be
      considered to have complied with the requirements of this title, if any,
      that a vehicle or rail passenger car be readily accessible to and usable
      by individuals with disabilities, if the design for such vehicle or car
      complies with the laws and regulations (including the Minimum Guidelines
      and Requirements for Accessible Design and such supplemental minimum
      guidelines as are issued under section 504(a) of this Act) governing
      accessibility of such vehicles or cars, to the extent that such laws and
      regulations are not inconsistent with this title and are in effect at the
      time such design is substantially completed.

清照

SEC. 307. EXEMPTIONS FOR PRIVATE CLUBS AND RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS.
    The provisions of this title shall not apply to private clubs or
  establishments exempted from coverage under title II of the Civil Rights Act
  of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000-a(e)) or to religious organizations or entities
  controlled by religious organizations, including places of worship.

  SEC. 308. ENFORCEMENT.
    (a) In General.--
        (1) Availability of remedies and procedures.--The remedies and
      procedures set forth in section 204(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
      (42 U.S.C. 2000a-3(a)) are the remedies and procedures this title
      provides to any person who is being subjected to discrimination on the
      basis of disability in violation of this title or who has reasonable
      grounds for believing that such person is about to be subjected to
      discrimination in violation of section 303. Nothing in this section shall
      require a person with a disability to engage in a futile gesture if such
      person has actual notice that a person or organization covered by this
      title does not intend to comply with its provisions.
        (2) Injunctive relief.--In the case of violations of sections
      302(b)(2)(A)(iv) and section 303(a), injunctive relief shall include an
      order to alter facilities to make such facilities readily accessible to
      and usable by individuals with disabilities to the extent required by
      this title. Where appropriate, injunctive relief shall also include
      requiring the provision of an auxiliary aid or service, modification of a
      policy, or provision of alternative methods, to the extent required by
      this title.
    (b) Enforcement by the Attorney General.--
        (1) Denial of rights.--
            (A) Duty to investigate.--
                (i) In general.--The Attorney General shall investigate alleged
              violations of this title, and shall undertake periodic reviews of
              compliance of covered entities under this title.
                (ii) Attorney general certification.--On the application of a
              State or local government, the Attorney General may, in
              consultation with the Architectural and Transportation Barriers
              Compliance Board, and after prior notice and a public hearing at
              which persons, including individuals with disabilities, are
              provided an opportunity to testify against such certification,
              certify that a State law or local building code or similar
              ordinance that establishes accessibility requirements meets or
              exceeds the minimum requirements of this Act for the
              accessibility and usability of covered facilities under this
              title. At any enforcement proceeding under this section, such
              certification by the Attorney General shall be rebuttable
              evidence that such State law or local ordinance does meet or
              exceed the minimum requirements of this Act.
            (B) Potential violation.--If the Attorney General has reasonable
          cause to believe that--
                (i) any person or group of persons is engaged in a pattern or
              practice of discrimination under this title; or
                (ii) any person or group of persons has been discriminated
              against under this title and such discrimination raises an issue
              of general public importance,
          the Attorney General may commence a civil action in any appropriate
          United States district court.
        (2) Authority of court.--In a civil action under paragraph (1)(B), the
      court--
            (A) may grant any equitable relief that such court considers to be
          appropriate, including, to the extent required by this title--
                (i) granting temporary, preliminary, or permanent relief;
                (ii) providing an auxiliary aid or service, modification of
              policy, practice, or procedure, or alternative method; and
                (iii) making facilities readily accessible to and usable by
              individuals with disabilities;
            (B) may award such other relief as the court considers to be
          appropriate, including monetary damages to persons aggrieved when
          requested by the Attorney General; and
            (C) may, to vindicate the public interest, assess a civil penalty
          against the entity in an amount--
                (i) not exceeding $50,000 for a first violation; and
                (ii) not exceeding $100,000 for any subsequent violation.
        (3) Single violation.--For purposes of paragraph (2)(C), in determining
      whether a first or subsequent violation has occurred, a determination in
      a single action, by judgment or settlement, that the covered entity has
      engaged in more than one discriminatory act shall be counted as a single
      violation.
        (4) Punitive damages.--For purposes of subsection (b)(2)(B), the term
      "monetary damages" and "such other relief" does not include punitive
      damages.
        (5) Judicial consideration.--In a civil action under paragraph (1)(B),
      the court, when considering what amount of civil penalty, if any, is
      appropriate, shall give consideration to any good faith effort or attempt
      to comply with this Act by the entity. In evaluating good faith, the
      court shall consider, among other factors it deems relevant, whether the
      entity could have reasonably anticipated the need for an appropriate type
      of auxiliary aid needed to accommodate the unique needs of a particular
      individual with a disability.

  SEC. 309. EXAMINATIONS AND COURSES.
    Any person that offers examinations or courses related to applications,
  licensing, certification, or credentialing for secondary or postsecondary
  education, professional, or trade purposes shall offer such examinations or
  courses in a place and manner accessible to persons with disabilities or
  offer alternative accessible arrangements for such individuals.

  SEC. 310. EFFECTIVE DATE.
    (a) General Rule.--Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), this
  title shall become effective 18 months after the date of the enactment of
  this Act.
    (b) Civil Actions.--Except for any civil action brought for a violation of
  section 303, no civil action shall be brought for any act or omission
  described in section 302 which occurs--
        (1) during the first 6 months after the effective date,  against
      businesses that employ 25 or fewer employees and have gross receipts of
      $1,000,000 or less; and
        (2) during the first year after the effective date, against businesses
      that employ 10 or fewer employees and have gross receipts of $500,000 or
      less.
    (c) Exception.--Sections 302(a) for purposes of section 302(b)(2) (B) and
  (C) only, 304(a) for purposes of section 304(b)(3) only, 304(b)(3), 305, and
  306 shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.

清照

SEC. 401. TELECOMMUNICATIONS RELAY SERVICES FOR HEARINGIMPAIRED
AND SPEECH-
      IMPAIRED INDIVIDUALS.
    (a) Telecommunications.--Title II of the Communications Act of 1934 (47
  U.S.C. 201 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new
  section:

  "SEC. 225. TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES FOR HEARING-IMPAIRED AND
SPEECH-
      IMPAIRED INDIVIDUALS.
    "(a) Definitions.--As used in this section--
        "(1) Common carrier or carrier.--The term 'common carrier' or 'carrier'
      includes any common carrier engaged in interstate communication by wire
      or radio as defined in section 3(h) and any common carrier engaged in
      intrastate communication by wire or radio, notwithstanding sections 2(b)
      and 221(b).
        "(2) TDD.--The term 'TDD' means a Telecommunications Device for the
      Deaf, which is a machine that employs graphic communication in the
      transmission of coded signals through a wire or radio communication
      system.
        "(3) Telecommunications relay services.--The term 'telecommunications
      relay services' means telephone transmission services that provide the
      ability for an individual who has a hearing impairment or speech
      impairment to engage in communication by wire or radio with a hearing
      individual in a manner that is functionally equivalent to the ability of
      an individual who does not have a hearing impairment or speech impairment
      to communicate using voice communication services by wire or radio. Such
      term includes services that enable two-way communication between an
      individual who uses a TDD or other nonvoice terminal device and an
      individual who does not use such a device.
    "(b) Availability of Telecommunications Relay Services.--
        "(1) In general.--In order to carry out the purposes established under
      section 1, to make available to all individuals in the United States a
      rapid, efficient nationwide communication service, and to increase the
      utility of the telephone system of the Nation, the Commission shall
      ensure that interstate and intrastate telecommunications relay services
      are available, to the extent possible and in the most efficient manner,
      to hearing-impaired and speech-impaired individuals in the United States.
        "(2) Use of General Authority and Remedies.--For the purposes of
      administering and enforcing the provisions of this section and the
      regulations prescribed thereunder, the Commission shall have the same
      authority, power, and functions with respect to common carriers engaged
      in intrastate communication as the Commission has in administering and
      enforcing the provisions of this title with respect to any common carrier
      engaged in interstate communication. Any violation of this section by any
      common carrier engaged in intrastate communication shall be subject to
      the same remedies, penalties, and procedures as are applicable to a
      violation of this Act by a common carrier engaged in interstate
      communication.
    "(c) Provision of Services.--Each common carrier providing telephone voice
  transmission services shall, not later than 3 years after the date of
  enactment of this section, provide in compliance with the regulations
  prescribed under this section, throughout the area in which it offers
  service, telecommunications relay services, individually, through designees,
  through a competitively selected vendor, or in concert with other carriers. A
  common carrier shall be considered to be in compliance with such
  regulations--
        "(1) with respect to intrastate telecommunications relay services in
      any State that does not have a certified program under subsection (f) and
      with respect to interstate telecommunications relay services, if such
      common carrier (or other entity through which the carrier is providing
      such relay services) is in compliance with the Commission's regulations
      under subsection (d); or
        "(2) with respect to intrastate telecommunications relay services in
      any State that has a certified program under subsection (f) for such
      State, if such common carrier (or other entity through which the carrier
      is providing such relay services) is in compliance with the program
      certified under subsection (f) for such State.
    "(d) Regulations.--
        "(1) In general.--The Commission shall, not later than 1 year after the
      date of enactment of this section, prescribe regulations to implement
      this section, including regulations that--
            "(A) establish functional requirements, guidelines, and operations
          procedures for telecommunications relay services;
            "(B) establish minimum standards that shall be met in carrying out
          subsection (c);
            "(C) require that telecommunications relay services operate every
          day for 24 hours per day;
            "(D) require that users of telecommunications relay services pay
          rates no greater than the rates paid for functionally equivalent
          voice communication services with respect to such factors as the
          duration of the call, the time of day, and the distance from point of
          origination to point of termination;
            "(E) prohibit relay operators from failing to fulfill the
          obligations of common carriers by refusing calls or limiting the
          length of calls that use telecommunications relay services;
            "(F) prohibit relay operators from disclosing the content of any
          relayed conversation and from keeping records of the content of any
          such conversation beyond the duration of the call; and
            "(G) prohibit relay operators from intentionally altering a relayed
          conversation.
        "(2) Technology.--The Commission shall ensure that regulations
      prescribed to implement this section encourage, consistent with section
      7(a) of this Act, the use of existing technology and do not discourage or
      impair the development of improved technology.
        "(3) Jurisdictional separation of costs.--
            "(A) In general.--Consistent with the provisions of section 410 of
          this Act, the Commission shall prescribe regulations governing the
          jurisdictional separation of costs for the services provided pursuant
          to this section.
            "(B) Recovering costs.--Such regulations shall generally provide
          that costs caused by interstate telecommunications relay services
          shall be recovered from all subscribers for every interstate service
          and costs caused by intrastate telecommunications relay services
          shall be recovered from the intrastate jurisdiction. In a State that
          has a certified program under subsection (f), a State commission
          shall permit a common carrier to recover the costs incurred in
          providing intrastate telecommunications relay services by a method
          consistent with the requirements of this section.
    "(e) Enforcement.--
        "(1) In general.--Subject to subsections (f) and (g), the Commission
      shall enforce this section.
        "(2) Complaint.--The Commission shall resolve, by final order, a
      complaint alleging a violation of this section within 180 days after the
      date such complaint is filed.
    "(f) Certification.--
        "(1) State documentation.--Any State desiring to establish a State
      program under this section shall submit documentation to the Commission
      that describes the program of such State for implementing intrastate
      telecommunications relay services and the procedures and remedies
      available for enforcing any requirements imposed by the State program.
        "(2) Requirements for certification.--After review of such
      documentation, the Commission shall certify the State program if the
      Commission determines that--
            "(A) the program makes available to hearing-impaired and speech-
          impaired individuals, either directly, through designees, through a
          competitively selected vendor, or through regulation of intrastate
          common carriers, intrastate telecommunications relay services in such
          State in a manner that meets or exceeds the requirements of
          regulations prescribed by the Commission under subsection (d); and
            "(B) the program makes available adequate procedures and remedies
          for enforcing the requirements of the State program.
        "(3) Method of funding.--Except as provided in subsection (d), the
      Commission shall not refuse to certify a State program based solely on
      the method such State will implement for funding intrastate
      telecommunication relay services.
        "(4) Suspension or revocation of certification.--The Commission may
      suspend or revoke such certification if, after notice and opportunity for
      hearing, the Commission determines that such certification is no longer
      warranted. In a State whose program has been suspended or revoked, the
      Commission shall take such steps as may be necessary, consistent with
      this section, to ensure continuity of telecommunications relay services.
    "(g) Complaint.--
        "(1) Referral of complaint.--If a complaint to the Commission alleges a
      violation of this section with respect to intrastate telecommunications
      relay services within a State and certification of the program of such
      State under subsection (f) is in effect, the Commission shall refer such
      complaint to such State.
        "(2) Jurisdiction of commission.--After referring a complaint to a
      State under paragraph (1), the Commission shall exercise jurisdiction
      over such complaint only if--
            "(A) final action under such State program has not been taken on
          such complaint by such State--
                "(i) within 180 days after the complaint is filed with such
              State; or
                "(ii) within a shorter period as prescribed by the regulations
              of such State; or
            "(B) the Commission determines that such State program is no longer
          qualified for certification under subsection (f).".
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--The Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151
  et seq.) is amended--
        (1) in section 2(b) (47 U.S.C. 152(b)), by striking "section 224" and
      inserting "sections 224 and 225"; and
        (2) in section 221(b) (47 U.S.C. 221(b)), by striking "section 301" and
      inserting "sections 225 and 301".

  SEC. 402. CLOSED-CAPTIONING OF PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS.
    Section 711 of the Communications Act of 1934 is amended to read as
  follows:

  "SEC. 711. CLOSED-CAPTIONING OF PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS.
    "Any television public service announcement that is produced or funded in
  whole or in part by any agency or instrumentality of Federal Government shall
  include closed captioning of the verbal content of such announcement. A
  television broadcast station licensee--
        "(1) shall not be required to supply closed captioning for any such
      announcement that fails to include it; and
        "(2) shall not be liable for broadcasting any such announcement without
      transmitting a closed caption unless the licensee intentionally fails to
      transmit the closed caption that was included with the announcement.".

清照

SEC. 501. CONSTRUCTION.
    (a) In General.--Except as otherwise provided in this Act, nothing in this
  Act shall be construed to apply a lesser standard than the standards applied
  under title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 790 et seq.) or
  the regulations issued by Federal agencies pursuant to such title.
    (b) Relationship to Other Laws.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to
  invalidate or limit the remedies, rights, and procedures of any Federal law
  or law of any State or political subdivision of any State or jurisdiction
  that provides greater or equal protection for the rights of individuals with
  disabilities than are afforded by this Act. Nothing in this Act shall be
  construed to preclude the prohibition of, or the imposition of restrictions
  on, smoking in places of employment covered by title I, in transportation
  covered by title II or III, or in places of public accommodation covered by
  title III.
    (c) Insurance.--Titles I through IV of this Act shall not be construed to
  prohibit or restrict--
        (1) an insurer, hospital or medical service company, health maintenance
      organization, or any agent, or entity that administers benefit plans, or
      similar organizations from underwriting risks, classifying risks, or
      administering such risks that are based on or not inconsistent with State
      law; or
        (2) a person or organization covered by this Act from establishing,
      sponsoring, observing or administering the terms of a bona fide benefit
      plan that are based on underwriting risks, classifying risks, or
      administering such risks that are based on or not inconsistent with State
      law; or
        (3) a person or organization covered by this Act from establishing,
      sponsoring, observing or administering the terms of a bona fide benefit
      plan that is not subject to State laws that regulate insurance.
  Paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) shall not be used as a subterfuge to evade the
  purposes of title I and III.
    (d) Accommodations and Services.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to
  require an individual with a disability to accept an accommodation, aid,
  service, opportunity, or benefit which such individual chooses not to accept.

  SEC. 502. STATE IMMUNITY.
    A State shall not be immune under the eleventh amendment to the
  Constitution of the United States from an action in Federal or State court of
  competent jurisdiction for a violation of this Act. In any action against a
  State for a violation of the requirements of this Act, remedies (including
  remedies both at law and in equity) are available for such a violation to the
  same extent as such remedies are available for such a violation in an action
  against any public or private entity other than a State.

  SEC. 503. PROHIBITION AGAINST RETALIATION AND COERCION.
    (a) Retaliation.--No person shall discriminate against any individual
  because such individual has opposed any act or practice made unlawful by this
  Act or because such individual made a charge, testified, assisted, or
  participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or hearing under
  this Act.
    (b) Interference, Coercion, or Intimidation.--It shall be unlawful to
  coerce, intimidate, threaten, or interfere with any individual in the
  exercise or enjoyment of, or on account of his or her having exercised or
  enjoyed, or on account of his or her having aided or encouraged any other
  individual in the exercise or enjoyment of, any right granted or protected by
  this Act.
    (c) Remedies and Procedures.--The remedies and procedures available under
  sections 107, 203, and 308 of this Act shall be available to aggrieved
  persons for violations of subsections (a) and (b), with respect to title I,
  title II and title III, respectively.

  SEC. 504. REGULATIONS BY THE ARCHITECTURAL AND TRANSPORTATION
BARRIERS
      COMPLIANCE BOARD.
    (a) Issuance of Guidelines.--Not later than 9 months after the date of
  enactment of this Act, the Architectural and Transportation Barriers
  Compliance    (1) General rule.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
      enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue
      regulations in an accessible format to carry out sections 302(b)(2) (B)
      and (C) and to carry out section 304 (other than subsection (b)(4)).
        (2) Special rules for providing access to over-the-road buses.--
            (A) Interim requirements.--
                (i) Issuance.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
              enactment of thisividuals with disabilities.
    (c) Qualified Historic Properties.--
        (1) In general.--The supplemental guidelines issued under subsection
      (a) shall include pro Board shall issue minimum guidelines that shall supplement the
  existing Minimum Guidelines and Requirements for Accessible Design for
  purposes of titles II and III of this Act.
    (b) Contents of Guidelines.--The supplemental guidelines issued under
  subsection (a) shall establish additional requirements, consistent with this
  Act, to ensure that buildings, facilities, rail passenger cars, and vehicles
  are accessible, in terms of architecture and design, transportation, and
  communication, to ind), the guidelines described in
      paragraph (1) shall, at a minimum, maintain the procedures and
      requirements established in 4.1.7 (1) and (2) of the Uniform Federal
      Accessibility Standards.
        (3) Other sites.--With respect to alterations of buildings or
      facilities designated as historic under State or local law, the
      guidelines described in paragraph (1) shall establish procedures
      equivalent to those established by 4.1.7(1) (b) and (c) of the Uniform
      Federal Accessibility Standards, and shall require, at a minimum,
      compliance with the requirements established in 4.1.7(2) of such
      standards.

  SEC. 505. ATTORNEY'S FEES.
    In any action or administrative proceeding commenced pursuant to this Act,
  the court or agency, in its discretion, may allow the prevailing party, other
  than the United States, a reasonable attorney's fee, including litigation
  expenses, and costs, and the United States shall be liable for the foregoing
  the same as a private individual.

  SEC. 506. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.
    (a) Plan for Assistance.--
        (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
      this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Chair of the
      Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Secretary of Transportation,
      the Chair of the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance
      Board, and the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, shall
      develop a plan to assist entities covered under this Act, and other
      Federal agencies, in understanding the responsibility of such entities
      and agencies under this Act.
        (2) Publication of plan.--The Attorney General shall publish the plan
      referred to in paragraph (1) for public comment in accordance with
      subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known
      as the Administrative Procedure Act).
    (b) Agency and Public Assistance.--The Attorney General may obtain the
  assistance of other Federal agencies in carrying out subsection (a),
  including the National Council on Disability, the President's Committee on
  Employment of People with Disabilities, the Small Business Administration,
  and the Department of Commerce.
    (c) Implementation.--
        (1) Rendering assistance.--Each Federal agency that has responsibility
      under paragraph (2) for implementing this Act may render technical
      assistance to individuals and institutions that have rights or duties
      under the respective title or titles for which such agency has
      responsibility.
        (2) Implementation of titles.--
            (A) Title i.--The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the
          Attorney General shall implement the plan for assistance developed
          under subsection (a), for title I.
            (B) Title ii.--
                (i) Subtitle a.--The Attorney General shall implement such plan
              for assistance for subtitle A of title II.
                (ii) Subtitle b.--The Secretary of Transportation shall
              implement such plan for assistance for subtitle B of title II.
            (C) Title iii.--The Attorney General, in coordination with the
          Secretary of Transportation and the Chair of the Architectural
          Transportation Barriers Compliance Board, shall implement such plan
          for assistance for title III, except for section 304, the plan for
          assistance for which shall be implemented by the Secretary of
          Transportation.
            (D) Title iv.--The Chairman of the Federal Communications
          Commission, in coordination with the Attorney General, shall
          implement such plan for assistance for title IV.
        (3) Technical assistance manuals.--Each Federal agency that has
      responsibility under paragraph (2) for implementing this Act shall, as
      part of its implementation responsibilities, ensure the availability and
      provision of appropriate technical assistance manuals to individuals or
      entities with rights or duties under this Act no later than six months
      after applicable final regulations are published under titles I, II, III,
      and IV.
    (d) Grants and Contracts.--
        (1) In general.--Each Federal agency that has responsibility under
      subsection (c)(2) for implementing this Act may make grants or award
      contracts to effectuate the purposes of this section, subject to the
      availability of appropriations. Such grants and contracts may be awarded
      to individuals, institutions not organized for profit and no part of the
      net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or
      individual (including educational institutions), and associations
      representing individuals who have rights or duties under this Act.
      Contracts may be awarded to entities organized for profit, but such
      entities may not be the recipients or grants described in this paragraph.
        (2) Dissemination of information.--Such grants and contracts, among
      other uses, may be designed to ensure wide dissemination of information
      about the rights and duties established by this Act and to provide
      information and technical assistance about techniques for effective
      compliance with this Act.
    (e) Failure to Receive Assistance.--An employer, public accommodation, or
  other entity covered under this Act shall not be excused from compliance with
  the requirements of this Act because of any failure to receive technical
  assistance under this section, including any failure in the development or
  dissemination of any technical assistance manual authorized by this section.

清照

SEC. 507. FEDERAL WILDERNESS AREAS.
    (a) Study.--The National Council on Disability shall conduct a study and
  report on the effect that wilderness designations and wilderness land
  management practices have on the ability of individuals with disabilities to
  use and enjoy the National Wilderness Preservation System as established
  under the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.).
    (b) Submission of Report.--Not later than 1 year after the enactment of
  this Act, the National Council on Disability shall submit the report required
  under subsection (a) to Congress.
    (c) Specific Wilderness Access.--
        (1) In general.--Congress reaffirms that nothing in the Wilderness Act
      is to be construed as prohibiting the use of a wheelchair in a wilderness
      area by an individual whose disability requires use of a wheelchair, and
      consistent with the Wilderness Act no agency is required to provide any
      form of special treatment or accommodation, or to construct any
      facilities or modify any conditions of lands within a wilderness area in
      order to facilitate such use.
        (2) Definition.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the term "wheelchair"
      means a device designed solely for use by a mobility-impaired person for
      locomotion, that is suitable for use in an indoor pedestrian area.

  SEC. 508. TRANSVESTITES.
    For the purposes of this Act, the term "disabled" or "disability" shall not
  apply to an individual solely because that individual is a transvestite.

  SEC. 509. COVERAGE OF CONGRESS AND THE AGENCIES OF THE LEGISLATIVE
BRANCH.
    (a) Coverage of the Senate.--
        (1) Commitment to Rule XLII.--The Senate reaffirms its commitment to
      Rule XLII of the Standing Rules of the Senate which provides as follows:
        "No member, officer, or employee of the Senate shall, with respect to
      employment by the Senate or any office thereof--
            "(a) fail or refuse to hire an individual;
            "(b) discharge an individual; or
            "(c) otherwise discriminate against an individual with respect to
          promotion, compensation, or terms, conditions, or privileges of
          employment
      on the basis of such individual's race, color, religion, sex, national
      origin, age, or state of physical handicap.".
        (2) Application to Senate employment.--The rights and protections
      provided pursuant to this Act, the Civil Rights Act of 1990 (S. 2104,
      101st Congress), the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in
      Employment Act of 1967, and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 shall apply
      with respect to employment by the United States Senate.
        (3) Investigation and adjudication of claims.--All claims raised by any
      individual with respect to Senate employment, pursuant to the Acts
      referred to in paragraph (2), shall be investigated and adjudicated by
      the Select Committee on Ethics, pursuant to S. Res. 338, 88th Congress,
      as amended, or such other entity as the Senate may designate.
        (4) Rights of employees.--The Committee on Rules and Administration
      shall ensure that Senate employees are informed of their rights under the
      Acts referred to in paragraph (2).
        (5) Applicable Remedies.--When assigning remedies to individuals found
      to have a valid claim under the Acts referred to in paragraph (2), the
      Select Committee on Ethics, or such other entity as the Senate may
      designate, should to the extent practicable apply the same remedies
      applicable to all other employees covered by the Acts referred to in
      paragraph (2). Such remedies shall apply exclusively.
        (6) Matters Other Than Employment.--
            (A) In General.--The rights and protections under this Act shall,
          subject to subparagraph (B), apply with respect to the conduct of the
          Senate regarding matters other than employment.
            (B) Remedies.--The Architect of the Capitol shall establish
          remedies and procedures to be utilized with respect to the rights and
          protections provided pursuant to subparagraph (A). Such remedies and
          procedures shall apply exclusively, after approval in accordance with
          subparagraph (C).
            (C) Proposed remedies and procedures.--For purposes of subparagraph
          (B), the Architect of the Capitol shall submit proposed remedies and
          procedures to the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration. The
          remedies and procedures shall be effective upon the approval of the
          Committee on Rules and Administration.
        (7) Exercise of rulemaking power.--Notwithstanding any other provision
      of law, enforcement and adjudication of the rights and protections
      referred to in paragraph (2) and (6)(A) shall be within the exclusive
      jurisdiction of the United States Senate. The provisions of paragraph
      (1), (3), (4), (5), (6)(B), and (6)(C) are enacted by the Senate as an
      exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate, with full recognition of
      the right of the Senate to change its rules, in the same manner, and to
      the same extent, as in the case of any other rule of the Senate.
    (b) Coverage of the House of Representatives.--
        (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act or of
      law, the purposes of this Act shall, subject to paragraphs (2) and (3),
      apply in their entirety to the House of Representatives.
        (2) Employment in the house.--
            (A) Application.--The rights and protections under this Act shall,
          subject to subparagraph (B), apply with respect to any employee in an
          employment position in the House of Representatives and any employing
          authority of the House of Representatives.
            (B) Administration.--
                (i) In general.--In the administration of this paragraph, the
              remedies and procedures made applicable pursuant to the
              resolution described in clause (ii) shall apply exclusively.
                (ii) Resolution.--The resolution referred to in clause (i) is
              House Resolution 15 of the One Hundred First Congress, as agreed
              to January 3, 1989, or any other provision that continues in
              effect the provisions of, or is a successor to, the Fair
              Employment Practices Resolution (House Resolution 558 of the One
              Hundredth Congress, as agreed to October 4, 1988).
            (C) Exercise of rulemaking power.--The provisions of subparagraph
          (B) are enacted by the House of Representatives as an exercise of the
          rulemaking power of the House of Representatives, with full
          recognition of the right of the House to change its rules, in the
          same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule
          of the House.
        (3) Matters other than employment.--
            (A) In general.--The rights and protections under this Act shall,
          subject to subparagraph (B), apply with respect to the conduct of the
          House of Representatives regarding matters other than employment.
            (B) Remedies.--The Architect of the Capitol shall establish
          remedies and procedures to be utilized with respect to the rights and
          protections provided pursuant to subparagraph (A). Such remedies and
          procedures shall apply exclusively, after approval in accordance with
          subparagraph (C).
            (C) Approval.--For purposes of subparagraph (B), the Architect of
          the Capitol shall submit proposed remedies and procedures to the
          Speaker of the House of Representatives. The remedies and procedures
          shall be effective upon the approval of the Speaker, after
          consultation with the House Office Building Commission.
    (c) Instrumentalities of Congress.--
        (1) In general.--The rights and protections under this Act shall,
      subject to paragraph (2), apply with respect to the conduct of each
      instrumentality of the Congress.
        (2) Establishment of remedies and procedures by instrumentalities.--The
      chief official of each instrumentality of the Congress shall establish
      remedies and procedures to be utilized with respect to the rights and
      protections provided pursuant to paragraph (1). Such remedies and
      procedures shall apply exclusively.
        (3) Report to congress.--The chief official of each instrumentality of
      the Congress shall, after establishing remedies and procedures for
      purposes of paragraph (2), submit to the Congress a report describing the
      remedies and procedures.
        (4) Definition of instrumentalities.--For purposes of this section,
      instrumentalities of the Congress include the following: the Architect of
      the Capitol, the Congressional Budget Office, the General Accounting
      Office, the Government Printing Office, the Library of Congress, the
      Office of Technology Assessment, and the United States Botanic Garden.
        (5) Construction.--Nothing in this section shall alter the enforcement
      procedures for individuals with disabilities provided in the General
      Accounting Office Personnel Act of 1980 and regulations promulgated
      pursuant to that Act.

清照

SEC. 510. ILLEGAL USE OF DRUGS.
    (a) In General.--For purposes of this Act, the term "individual with a
  disability" does not include an individual who is currently engaging in the
  illegal use of drugs, when the covered entity acts on the basis of such use.
    (b) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in subsection (a) shall be construed to
  exclude as an individual with a disability an individual who--
        (1) has successfully completed a supervised drug rehabilitation program
      and is no longer engaging in the illegal use of drugs, or has otherwise
      been rehabilitated successfully and is no longer engaging in such use;
        (2) is participating in a supervised rehabilitation program and is no
      longer engaging in such use; or
        (3) is erroneously regarded as engaging in such use, but is not
      engaging in such use;
  except that it shall not be a violation of this Act for a covered entity to
  adopt or administer reasonable policies or procedures, including but not
  limited to drug testing, designed to ensure that an individual described in
  paragraph (1) or (2) is no longer engaging in the illegal use of drugs;
  however, nothing in this section shall be construed to encourage, prohibit,
  restrict, or authorize the conducting of testing for the illegal use of
  drugs.
    (c) Health and Other Services.--Notwithstanding subsection (a) and section
  511(b)(3), an individual shall not be denied health services, or services
  provided in connection with drug rehabilitation, on the basis of the current
  illegal use of drugs if the individual is otherwise entitled to such
  services.
    (d) Definition of Illegal use of drugs.--
        (1) In general.--The term "illegal use of drugs" means the use of
      drugs, the possession or distribution of which is unlawful under the
      Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812). Such term does not include the
      use of a drug taken under supervision by a licensed health care
      professional, or other uses authorized by the Controlled Substances Act
      or other provisions of Federal law.
        (2) Drugs.--The term "drug" means a controlled substance, as defined in
      schedules I through V of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act.

  SEC. 511. DEFINITIONS.
    (a) Homosexuality and Bisexuality.--For purposes of the definition of
  "disability" in section 3(2), homosexuality and bisexuality are not
  impairments and as such are not disabilities under this Act.
    (b) Certain Conditions.--Under this Act, the term "disability" shall not
  include--
        (1) transvestism, transsexualism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism,
      gender identity disorders not resulting from physical impairments, or
      other sexual behavior disorders;
        (2) compulsive gambling, kleptomania, or pyromania; or
        (3) psychoactive substance use disorders resulting from current illegal
      use of drugs.

  SEC. 512. AMENDMENTS TO THE REHABILITATION ACT.
    (a) Definition of Handicapped Individual.--Section 7(8) of the
  Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 706(8)) is amended by redesignating
  subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (D), and by inserting after subparagraph (B)
  the following subparagraph:
    "(C)(i) For purposes of title V, the term 'individual with handicaps' does
  not include an individual who is currently engaging in the illegal use of
  drugs, when a covered entity acts on the basis of such use.
    "(ii) Nothing in clause (i) shall be construed to exclude as an individual
  with handicaps an individual who--
        "(I) has successfully completed a supervised drug rehabilitation
      program and is no longer engaging in the illegal use of drugs, or has
      otherwise been rehabilitated successfully and is no longer engaging in
      such use;
        "(II) is participating in a supervised rehabilitation program and is no
      longer engaging in such use; or
        "(III) is erroneously regarded as engaging in such use, but is not
      engaging in such use;
  except that it shall not be a violation of this Act for a covered entity to
  adopt or administer reasonable policies or procedures, including but not
  limited to drug testing, designed to ensure that an individual described in
  subclause (I) or (II) is no longer engaging in the illegal use of drugs.
    "(iii) Notwithstanding clause (i), for purposes of programs and activities
  providing health services and services provided under titles I, II and III,
  an individual shall not be excluded from the benefits of such programs or
  activities on the basis of his or her current illegal use of drugs if he or
  she is otherwise entitled to such services.
    "(iv) For purposes of programs and activities providing educational
  services, local educational agencies may take disciplinary action pertaining
  to the use or possession of illegal drugs or alcohol against any handicapped
  student who currently is engaging in the illegal use of drugs or in the use
  of alcohol to the same extent that such disciplinary action is taken against
  nonhandicapped students. Furthermore, the due process procedures at 34 CFR
  104.36 shall not apply to such disciplinary actions.
    "(v) For purposes of sections 503 and 504 as such sections relate to
  employment, the term 'individual with handicaps' does not include any
  individual who is an alcoholic whose current use of alcohol prevents such
  individual from performing the duties of the job in question or whose
  employment, by reason of such current alcohol abuse, would constitute a
  direct threat to property or the safety of others.".
    (b) Definition of Illegal Drugs.--Section 7 of the Rehabilitation Act of
  1973 (29 U.S.C. 706) is amended by adding at the end the following new
  paragraph:
    "(22)(A) The term 'drug' means a controlled substance, as defined in
  schedules I through V of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21
  U.S.C. 812).
    "(B) The term 'illegal use of drugs' means the use of drugs, the possession
  or distribution of which is unlawful under the Controlled Substances Act.
  Such term does not include the use of a drug taken under supervision by a
  licensed health care professional, or other uses authorized by the Controlled
  Substances Act or other provisions of Federal law.".
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--Section 7(8)(B) of the Rehabilitation Act of
  1973 (29 U.S.C. 706(8)(B)) is amended--
        (1) in the first sentence, by striking "Subject to the second sentence
      of this subparagraph," and inserting "Subject to subparagraphs (C) and
      (D),"; and
        (2) by striking the second sentence.

  SEC. 513. ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION.
    Where appropriate and to the extent authorized by law, the use of
  alternative means of dispute resolution, including settlement negotiations,
  conciliation, facilitation, mediation, factfinding, minitrials, and
  arbitration, is encouraged to resolve disputes arising under this Act.

  SEC. 514. SEVERABILITY.
    Should any provision in this Act be found to be unconstitutional by a court
  of law, such provision shall be severed from the remainder of the Act, and
  such action shall not affect the enforceability of the remaining provisions
  of the Act.

清照

来源：http://www.dol.gov/esa/regs/statutes/ofccp/ada.htm

格格

连美国这个资本主义国家都能这样，我们还是自认为为人民服务的国家又如何呢？

llyyff

看来呢。
我们的维权要有个进度表，比如说5年之内立法。
没有立法，只有革命了。革他妈妈得命。