据世界卫生组织（WHO）报告，病毒性肝炎已成为人类社会的一大难题。维生素对预防肝癌和肝硬化有重要作用。在本报告中，我们将首先关注维生素D在免疫系统反应中的作用，然后研究其在病毒感染和乙型肝炎病毒信号通路中的作用。免疫系统细胞中参与维生素 D 合成的细胞色素 P450 (CYP) 27B1 酶的存在引起了研究人员对免疫系统领域的关注。 Toll 样受体 (TLR) 在免疫系统中发挥重要作用，是先天免疫系统的主要受体之一。此外，干扰素 γ (IFNγ) 和白细胞介素 2 (IL-2) 等炎性细胞因子的合成是 1 型 T 辅助细胞 (Th1) 的关键作用之一；这些细胞可以通过维生素 D 抑制两种引用的细胞因子。在乙型肝炎的慢性期，细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞 (CTL) 细胞比疾病的急性期表现更弱。对维生素 D 受体 (VDR) R 编码疾病易感基因的遗传变异进行的遗传研究也证实了维生素 D 生理学与病毒感染之间的关联。维生素 D 影响疾病的不同阶段。因此，建议在这方面进行进一步的实验。
Vitamin D role in hepatitis B: focus on immune system and genetics mechanism
Arghavan Asghari 1 2 , Fatemeh Jafari 3 4 , Maryam Jameshorani 5 6 , Hossein Chiti 5 , Mohsen Naseri 7 8 , Anahita Ghafourirankouhi 9 , Omid Kooshkaki 2 , Alireza Abdshah 10 , Negin Parsamanesh 5
Affiliations
Affiliations
1
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
2
Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
3
Radiation Oncology Research Center, Iran Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5
Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
6
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
7
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
8
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
9
Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
10
School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report, viral hepatitis has been a problem in human society. Vitamins play a significant role in preventing the hepatocarcinoma and liver cirrhosis. In this report, we will first focus on the vitamin D function in the immune system reactions, and then investigate its role in the viral infections and the signaling pathway of hepatitis B virus. The existence of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 27B1 enzyme, which is involved in vitamin D synthesis in immune system cells, has drawn researchers ' attention to the field of immune system. Toll like receptor (TLR) play a significant role in the immune system, and are one of the primary receptors of the innate immune system. In addition, the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines, such as Interferon γ (IFNγ) and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is one of the key roles of T helper type 1 (Th1) cells; these cells can suppress two cited cytokines via vitamin D. In the chronic phase of hepatitis B, Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) cells have weaker performance than the acute phase of the disease. The association between vitamin D physiologies with viral infections is also confirmed by genetic studies, carried out on genetic variations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) R-encoding disease susceptibility gene. Vitamin D affects different phases of the disease. Therefore, further experiments in this area are proposed.
Keywords: Genetics; Hepatitis B; Immune system; Vitamin D.