Risk Factors and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Xinhe Zhang 1 , Lin Guan 1 , Haoyu Tian 2 , Zilu Zeng 1 , Jiayu Chen 1 , Die Huang 1 , Ji Sun 1 , Jiaqi Guo 1 , Huipeng Cui 1 , Yiling Li 1
Affiliations
Affiliations
1
Gastroenterology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
2
The 3rd Clinical Department of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing yearly. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are important causes of HCC. Liver cirrhosis, age, sex, smoking and drinking, and metabolic risk factors will increase the risk of cancer in HBV/HCV patients. And viral load, APRI, FIB-4, and liver stiffness can all predict the risk of HCC in patients with viral infection. In addition, effective prevention strategies are essential in reducing the risk of HCC. The prevention of HCC involves mainly tertiary prevention strategies, while the primary prevention is based on standardized vaccine injections to prevent the occurrence of HBV/HCV. Eliminating the route of transmission and vaccination will lead to a decrease in the incidence of HCC. Secondary prevention involves effective antiviral treatment of HBV/HCV to prevent the disease from progressing to HCC, and tertiary prevention is actively treating HCC to prevent its recurrence.
Keywords: hepatitis B virus; hepatitis C virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; prevention; risk factors.