Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2019 Apr 1;12(4):1315-1323. eCollection 2019.
AFP specificity for HCC surveillance is increased by mitigating liver injury among treated chronic hepatitis B patients with elevated AFP.
Yuan G1, Zhou Y2, Liu J1, Hu C1, Huang H1, Ren Y1, Yu W1, Guo Y1, Zhang YY3, Zhou Y1.
Author information
1
Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China.
2
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, TCM-Integrated Cancer Center, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China.
3
HBVtech Fredrick, Maryland, MD 20874, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study was to assess AFP response in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with baseline positive AFP (≥7 ng/mL) who received antiviral therapy thereafter.
METHODS:
A cohort study was conducted to assess AFP response in CHB patients who had baseline positive AFP and got antiviral therapy.
RESULTS:
This retrospective study enrolled 302 antiviral-treatment-naïve CHB patients with positive AFP. After a 12-month antiviral treatment, 144 patients normalized AFP during follow-up while the rest remained AFP-positive. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and virologic and ALT responses to antiviral therapy between the two groups. During a mean follow-up of 34 ± 6 months, 16 patients (5.3%) in this cohort developed HCC, and 14 (8.9%) of them emerged in the AFP positive group. There was a significant difference (P=0.004) in HCC occurrence between AFP normalized and non-normalized groups after treatment. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that cirrhosis (HR=9.983, 95% CI=3.609-27.617, P<0.001), and non-AFP response to antiviral treatment (HR=6.517, 95% CI=1.475-28.784, P=0.013) were two independent factors associated with HCC occurrence.
CONCLUSIONS:
To our knowledge, this is the first investigator-initiated cohort study to assess the performance of on-treatment AFP in CHB patients with baseline positive AFP. In contrast to the criticism that AFP is neither sensitive nor specific, the current study has provided important evidence that on-antiviral-treatment AFP normalization is a specific protective marker for HCC in patients with HBV-related chronic liver diseases who started antiviral therapy thereafter.