Renal complications of liver diseases
Johan Noble, Thomas Jouve, Paolo Malvezzi & Lionel Rostaing
Received 30 May 2018, Accepted 28 Sep 2018, Accepted author version posted online: 01 Oct 2018
Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the major causes of chronic liver disease. HBV and HCV affect nearly 7% of the world’s population. Extra-hepatic complications and particularly renal failure have different mechanisms and manifestations. The underlying mechanism, although differing for each disease, mainly involves the immune system and antibody deposits in the kidney, which can lead to tissue damage.
Areas covered: We do not cover in this review hepatorenal syndrome. We report on the renal complications of viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV, hepatitis E), autoimmune hepatitis, cirrhosis, and Wilson’s disease. The most frequent renal disorders are those related to HBV, and HCV due their high prevalence worldwide.
Expert commentary: Thanks to generalization of vaccination against HBV, prevalence of HBV-related liver diseases will decrease, and thereby its associated renal involvement such as polyarteritis nodosa (an exceptional condition), and glomerulonephritis such as membranous nephropathy. Thanks to direct acting antiviral agents HCV infection will be cured within the next decade. However, HCV-related cryoglobulinemia with or without renal involvement might evolve on its own after the patient has eliminated HCV, necessitating then rituximab therapy. Conversely, orofecal transmitted hepatitis viruses such as hepatitis A and hepatitis E are still very prevalent in developing countries; however, they are rarely associated with renal manifestations.
Keywords: kidney failure, hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, kidney transplantation作者: StephenW 时间: 2018-10-2 16:56
肝脏疾病的肾脏并发症
Johan Noble，Thomas Jouve，Paolo Malvezzi和Lionel Rostaing
收到2018年5月30日，接受2018年9月28日，接受作者版本在线发布：2018年10月1日