Hypergammaglobulinemia is a strong predictor of disease progression, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death in patients with compensated cirrhosis
Irene Cacciola
Roberto Filomia
Angela Alibrandi
Maria Stella Franzè
Gaia Caccamo
Sergio Maimone
Carlo Saitta
Francesca Saffioti
Giovanni Squadrito
Giovanni Raimondo
First published: 01 December 2017 https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.13649
Handling Editor: Alessio Aghemo
Abstract
Background & Aims
The outcome of compensated cirrhosis may vary considerably and cannot be predicted by routinely performed tests at present. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible predictors of clinical evolution in patients with Child‐Pugh (C‐P) class A cirrhosis because of untreatable causes by analysing clinical/biochemical/instrumental parameters evaluated at the time of diagnosis and during the subsequent long‐lasting follow‐up.
Methods
Two hundred and seventy‐two consecutive C‐P class A cirrhotic patients (155 males; median age 63 years, range 34‐81) were analysed. All patients were followed up for a median time of 96 months (range 21‐144) through periodically performed clinical/biochemical/ultrasonographic and esophagogastroduodenoscopic examinations.
Results
During the follow‐up, 97 individuals (36%) were clinically stable, 104 (38%) developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 71 (26%) progressed towards C‐P class B/C without developing cancer. One hundred and thirty‐one patients (48%) died or underwent liver transplantation. Multivariate regression analysis showed that clinical stability was significantly associated with older age (P < .001), the absence of diabetes (P = .04) and of oesophageal varices (P < .001), serum albumin >3.5 gr/dL (P = .01) and gamma globulin <1.8 gr/dL (P = .01). HCC development was significantly associated with younger age (P = .01) and serum gamma globulin values ≥1.8 gr/dL (P < .001). C‐P score progression was associated with oesophageal varices (P < .001), lower serum albumin (P = .03) and cholesterol (P = .01) values, and hypergammaglobulinemia (P = .02). Death was associated with younger age (P < .001) and hypergammaglobulinemia (P = .01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan‐Meier's survival test confirmed that gammaglobulinemia ≥1.8 g/dL was a significant predictor of death (P < .02, and P < .01 respectively).
Conclusions
Hypergammaglobulinemia identifies C‐P class A cirrhotic patients at higher risk of disease progression, HCC development and death. 作者: StephenW 时间: 2018-6-24 20:57
高代丙种球蛋白血症是代偿期肝硬化患者疾病进展,肝细胞癌和死亡的有力预测指标
艾琳卡西拉
罗伯托Filomia
安吉拉Alibrandi
Maria StellaFranzè
盖亚卡卡莫
塞尔吉奥Maimone
Carlo Saitta
Francesca Saffioti
乔凡尼Squadrito
乔凡尼雷蒙多
首次发布:2017年12月1日 https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.13649