肝细胞癌的回顾：流行病学，病因学和致癌作用。

StephenW

J Carcinog. 2017 May 29;16:1. doi: 10.4103/jcar.JCar_9_16. eCollection  2017.
Review of hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology, etiology, and carcinogenesis.Ghouri YA1, Mian I2, Rowe JH3.
Author information
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.2Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.3Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.

AbstractSince the 1970s, the epidemic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has spread beyond the Eastern Asian predominance and has been increasing in Northern hemisphere, especially in the United States (US) and Western Europe. It occurs more commonly in males in the fourth and fifth decades of life. Among all cancers, HCC is one of the fastest growing causes of death in the US and poses a significant economic burden on healthcare. Chronic liver disease due to hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus and alcohol accounts for the majority of HCC cases. Incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been on the risem and it has also been associated with the development of HCC. Its pathogenesis varies based on the underlying etiological factor although majority of cases develop in the setting of background cirrhosis. Carcinogenesis of HCC includes angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, and tumor macroenvironment and microenvironment. There is a significant role of both intrinsic genetic risk factors and extrinsic influences such as alcohol or viral infections that lead to the development of HCC. Understanding its etiopathogenesis helps select appropriate diagnostic tests and treatments.


KEYWORDS: Carcinogenesis; epidemiology; etiology; hepatocellular carcinoma; pathogenesis

PMID:28694740PMCID:PMC5490340DOI:10.4103/jcar.JCar_9_16

StephenW

J Carcinog。 2017年5月29日; 16：1. Doi：10.4103 / jcar.JCar_9_16。 ECollection 2017。
肝细胞癌的回顾：流行病学，病因学和致癌作用。
Ghouri YA1，Mian I2，Rowe JH3。
作者信息

1
美国德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿德克萨斯医学分科大学内科，胃肠病学和肝病学系。
2
美国马里兰州贝塞斯达国立卫生研究所血液和肿瘤学系。
3
德克萨斯大学健康科学中心医学系，麦戈文医学院，休斯顿，得克萨斯州，美国。

抽象

自20世纪70年代以来，肝细胞癌（HCC）的流行已经超越了东亚地区，在北半球尤其是美国和西欧地区已经有所增加。在第四和第五个十年的男性中，男性更为普遍。在所有癌症中，HCC是美国发病最快的原因之一，对医疗保健造成重大的经济负担。乙型肝炎病毒或丙型肝炎病毒和酒精的慢性肝病占绝大多数HCC非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发病率一直在上升，也与HCC的发展有关。其发病机制因潜在的病因因素而异，尽管大多数病例在背景性肝硬化背景下发展。肝癌的致癌包括血管生成，轻度炎症和肿瘤宏观环境和微环境。内在遗传风险因素和酒精或病毒感染等外在暴力导致HCC发展的重要作用。了解其发病机制有助于选择适当的诊断测试和治疗。
关键词：

致癌;流行病学;病因;肝细胞癌;发病

结论：
28694740
PMCID：
PMC5490340
DOI：
10.4103 / jcar.JCar_9_16