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标题: Screening for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Liver Disease: A Systematic Re [打印本页]

作者: smilingcloud 时间: 2016-4-26 10:02 标题: Screening for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Liver Disease: A Systematic Re

本帖最后由 smilingcloud 于 2016-4-26 10:10 编辑

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24934699
Ann Intern Med. 2014 Aug 19;161(4):261-9. doi: 10.7326/M14-0558.
Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic liver disease: a systematic review.[size=0.923em]Kansagara D, Papak J, Pasha AS, O'Neil M, Freeman M, Relevo R, Quiñones A, Motu'apuaka M, Jou JH.

AbstractBACKGROUND:

Guidelines recommend routine screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk patients, but the strength of evidence supporting these recommendations is unclear.

PURPOSE:

To review the benefits and harms of HCC screening in patients with chronic liver disease.

DATA SOURCES:

MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to April 2014; Cochrane databases to June 2013; reference lists; and technical advisors.

STUDY SELECTION:

English-language trials and observational studies comparing screening versus no screening, studies of harms, and trials comparing different screening intervals.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Mortality and adverse events were the outcomes of interest. Individual-study quality and the overall strength of evidence were dual-reviewed using published criteria.

DATA SYNTHESIS:

Of 13,801 citations, 22 studies met inclusion criteria. The overall strength of evidence on the effects of screening was very low. One large trial of patients with hepatitis B found decreased HCC mortality with periodic ultrasonographic screening (rate ratio, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.41 to 0.98]), but the study was limited by methodological flaws. Another trial in patients with hepatitis B found no survival benefit with periodic α-fetoprotein screening. In 18 observational studies, screened patients had earlier-stage HCC than clinically diagnosed patients, but lead- and length-time biases confounded the effects on mortality. Two trials found no survival differences between shorter (3- to 4-month) and longer (6- to 12-month) screening intervals. Harms of screening were not well-studied.

LIMITATIONS:

Only English-language studies were included. The evidence base is limited by methodological issues and a paucity of trials.

CONCLUSION:

There is very-low-strength evidence about the effects of HCC screening on mortality in patients with chronic liver disease. Screening tests can identify early-stage HCC, but whether systematic screening leads to a survival advantage over clinical diagnosis is uncertain.

http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1882141

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